【摘要】 在离子液体氯化1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑-丙三醇（BMIC-GL）和1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑二氰胺盐（[BMIM]DCA）中加入NiCl₂后，研究了Ni（Ⅱ）离子的电化学行为。循环伏安测试结果表明，Ni（Ⅱ）离子在[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂和BMIC-GL-NiCl₂的起始还原电位分别为-0.55 V和-0.65 V，说明Ni（Ⅱ）离子在[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂中更易被还原。Ni（Ⅱ）离子在两种离子液体中的还原均是受扩散控制的准可逆过程。通过计算得出Ni（Ⅱ）离子在BMIC-GL-NiCl₂中的扩散系数(8.92×10^-7cm²/s)大于其在[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂中的扩散系数(2.94×10^-7cm²/s)。通过计时电流暂态分析得出，在BMIC-GL-NiCl₂和[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂离子液体中，在玻碳电极上电沉积Ni的反应分别符合三维瞬时形核机理和三维连续形核机理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The electrochemical behaviors of Ni（Ⅱ） with the addition of NiCl₂ to a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-glycerine （BMIC-GL） ionic liquid and a 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide （[BMIM]DCA）ionic liq uid were studied.Voltammetry analysis showed that the reduction potential of Ni（Ⅱ） in[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂ ionic liquids was more positive than that in the BMIC-GL-NiCl₂ionic liquid,indicating that the reduction of Ni （Ⅱ） in[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂was easier.In addition,the reduction reaction of Ni （Ⅱ） in both ionic liquids was a quasi-reversible process controlled by diffusion,but the diffusion coefficient in BMIC-GL-NiCl₂ was 8.92×10^-7cm²/s,which was significantly greater than that in[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂(2.94×10^-7cm²/s).Current-time transient analysis showed that the electrodeposition of nickel on a glassy carbon electrode in BMIC-GL-NiCl₂ ionic liquid followed the three-dimensional instantaneous nucleation mechanism,while that in[BMIM]DCA-NiCl₂ conformed to the three-dimensional progressive nucleation mechanism.更多还原