【摘要】 厚竹是毛竹的优良品种，其笋鲜嫩、养分丰富；研究覆盖栽培对厚竹出笋形态和竹笋品质的影响，评价厚竹覆盖笋的产业前景。本研究采用谷壳+枯饼对厚竹进行覆盖，对比研究了厚竹覆盖笋和自然笋的形态和养分，并运用主成分分析法对竹笋养分分析，量化覆盖笋和自然笋的品质，结果表明：1）覆盖厚竹笋的笋径和个体质量在不同出笋阶段均大于对照，出笋盛期优势更明显，且覆盖厚竹笋壳色泽相比对照更鲜亮，箨片顶端呈嫩黄而非暗绿色；2）覆盖厚竹笋中灰分、蛋白质、可溶性糖、粗脂肪等含量更高，粗纤维、单宁等物质含量更低；3)6个养分指标的主成分分析得到3个主成分累计贡献率达90.26%，蛋白质、粗纤维和可溶性糖是各主分的主要影响因素，基于主成分贡献率权重计算的笋品质综合得分为覆盖笋高于自然笋。研究认为，相比自然笋，覆盖厚竹笋色黄、个大，营养和适口性更好，综合品质上佳，易受消费者青睐，因此厚竹覆盖栽培具有广阔的产业化发展潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phyllostachys edulis ’Pachyloen’ is an excellent variety of moso bamboo, with fresh and tender shoots and abundant nutrients. In order to investigate the effect of mulching cultivation on the shape and quality of Ph. edulis ’Pachyloen’ shoots, and to evaluate its industrial prospect of mulching. Rice chaff and oil cake were used as materials to carry out mulching experiment of Ph. edulis ’Pachyloen’ . We made a comparative study on the morphology and nutrient content of bamboo shoots with mulching and without mulching(CK), and used principal component analysis to analyze the nutrient of bamboo shoots and quantify the quality of two kinds of bamboo shoots. The results showed that:1) The diameter and individual weight of bamboo shoots with mulching were larger than those of the control at different shooting period, and the advantage was more obvious at peak shooting period. Moreover, the color of bamboo shoot sheaths with mulching was yellow, which was brighter than that without mulching(dark), and its tip of sheaths was pale yellow instead of dark green without mulching; 2) The contents of ash, protein, soluble sugar and crude lipid in bamboo shoots with mulching were higher,and the contents of crude cellulose and tannin were lower than bamboo shoots without mulching; 3) After principal component analysis of 6 nutrient indexes, 3 principal components were obtained, with a cumulative contribution rate of 90.262%. The first principal component reflected the nutritional information of protein and crude lipid, the second principal component reflected the information of crude cellulose and tannin, and the third principal component reflected the information of soluble sugar. The comprehensive score of bamboo shoots with mulching was higher than that without mulching. Compared with bamboo shoots without mulching, the bamboo shoots with mulching had yellow sheaths, higher weight, richer nutrition and better palatability, which means that the quality of bamboo shoots with mulching was better. It implies that the bamboo shoots of Ph. edulis ’Pachyloen’ with mulching could be popular in the future market, and its mulching cultivation will has broader potential in industrial development.更多还原