【摘要】 目的 分析我国城市居民恶性肿瘤死亡特征及变化趋势，为恶性肿瘤的防治提供依据。方法 对《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》及《中国死因监测数据集》中，2015—2019年城市居民恶性肿瘤死亡数据进行分析，选取死亡人数、死亡率、标化死亡率和死因顺位作为恶性肿瘤死亡的特征指标。结果 2015—2019年，我国城市居民恶性肿瘤年平均死亡率为162.36/10万，男性恶性肿瘤死亡率高于女性；随着年龄的增长，恶性肿瘤死亡率呈现上升趋势，60岁及以上老年人恶性肿瘤死亡率快速上升；死因顺位排名前5位的是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、结直肠癌和食管癌，其中结直肠癌死亡率呈上升趋势，其他4种恶性肿瘤的死亡率呈下降趋势。结论 2015—2019年我国城市居民恶性肿瘤死亡率变化不大，肺癌和消化系统恶性肿瘤仍然是危害居民生命健康的主要疾病之一。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the mortality characteristics and trends of malignant tumors in Chinese urban residents from 2015 to 2019, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of malignant tumors.Methods SPSS25.0 software was used to analyze the death data of urban residents with malignant tumors from 2015 to 2019 in China Health and Family Planning Statistical Yearbook and China Cause of Death Surveillance Data Set, and the number of deaths, death rate, order of death causes were selected as the characteristic indicators of death.Results From 2015 to 2019, the average annual mortality rate of malignant tumors was 162.36/100 000, and the mortality rate of males was higher than that of females. The top five leading causes of death were lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer and esophageal cancer. The mortality rate of colorectal cancer was on the rise, while the mortality rate of the other four malignant tumors was on the decline.Conclusion In recent five years, the mortality rate of malignant tumors in urban residents in China has not changed much. Lung cancer and digestive system malignant tumors are still the main diseases that endanger the life and health of residents. Early screening of malignant tumors should be strengthened to effectively prevent and control the harm of malignant tumors to human health.更多还原