【摘要】 20世纪末以来，西方学术界掀起所谓“帝国转向”，即关注现实和历史上的帝国，书写“新帝国史”并带动帝国史全面复兴。这一“转向”的产生，既因为随着全球化进程美国的影响越来越大，而传统的民族国家主权在弱化，世界面临一系列重要的新问题；也因为受后现代主义、后殖民主义、新文化史等思潮的影响，人们开始从新的角度解释历史上和现实中帝国的经济社会生活。“帝国”是一个比较宽泛的概念，常常相当于通常所说的大国。历史上的帝国在国内治理和对外关系上留下了许多经验和教训，有的仍然值得借鉴。由于这一波帝国转向与美国的行为越来越表现出帝国的特点密切相关，所以当前的帝国热可说是密切围绕未来民族国家的命运和世界演变趋势展开的，值得我们关注。帝国史不等于世界史，弄清它与世界史的关系，会有助于我们深入了解人类文明的演变脉络。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the end of the last century, the so-called “imperial turn” has sprung up in the western academic circle, that is, paying attention to the Empire in reality and history, writing the “new Empire history” and driving the all-round revival of the Empire history. This “turn” comes into being because with the process of globalization, the influence of the United States is becoming greater and greater, while the sovereignty of traditional nation-state is weakening, and the world is facing a series of important new problems; also because of the influence of post-modernism, post-colonialism, new cultural history and other thoughts, people begin to explain the economic and social life of the Empire from a new perspective. The concept of “Empire” is relatively broad, often equivalent to what is usually called great powers. The Empires in history have left many experiences and lessons in domestic governance and foreign affairs, some of which are still worth learning. Since this wave of “imperial turn” is closely related to the behavior of the United States which is increasing imperial, the current imperial history fever can be said to be closely related to the future fate of nation-state and the trend of world evolution, which deserves our attention. Imperial history is not the same as world history. Clarifying its relationship with world history will help us to deeply understand the evolution of human civilization.更多还原