【摘要】 为了探明高产优良食味粳稻的光合特性和优势，总结其高产规律，以南粳5055、淮稻5号为对照，研究南粳3908从孕穗期到花后35 d剑叶SPAD值、净光合速率及孕穗期、花后21 d、花后35 d剑叶光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)在不同时间段的光化学特性、核心天线蛋白表达量变化、叶绿体超微结构特性等。结果表明，南粳3908剑叶具有持续较长时间的高净光合速率，剑叶PSⅡ光化学活性与南粳5055相当，显著高于淮稻5号，其光系统核心天线蛋白的调节能力优于对照品种，叶绿体中类囊体基粒的垛叠程度较高，叶绿体膜脂的过氧化程度较轻，结构相对稳定。由于南粳3908具有较强的PSⅡ光化学活性、稳定的光合蛋白及叶绿体结构，光合性能优良，可为籽粒灌浆提供充足的光合产物。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to find out the photosynthetic characteristics and advantages of japonica rice with good taste and high yield and summarize its high-yield law, Nanjing 5055 and Huaidao 5 were used as controls, the SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf from booting stage to 35 days after flowering, and the photochemical characteristics, expression of core antenna protein and chloroplast ultrastructure of sword leaf photosystem Ⅱ(PS Ⅱ) of Nanjing 3908 at booting stage, 21 days after flowering and 35 days after flowering were studied. The results showed that the flag leaf of Nanjing 3908 had high net photosynthetic rate for a long time, the photochemical activity of PS Ⅱ in flag leaf was equivalent to that of Nanjing 5055, which was significantly higher than that of Huaidao 5. The regulation ability of core antenna protein of photosystem was better than that of controls. The stacking degree of thylakoid grana in chloroplast was higher, the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation of chloroplast was lighter, and the structure was relatively stable. Because Nanjing 3908 has strong PS Ⅱ photochemical activity, stable photosynthetic protein and chloroplast structure, and excellent photosynthetic performance, it can provide sufficient photosynthetic products for grain filling.更多还原