【摘要】 为了回收铜熔炼烟尘中的有价金属,对某铜冶炼厂产生的高铜、高砷烟尘进行了性质分析,确定了烟尘中主要元素的赋存状态及含量。结果表明,烟尘中铜和锌主要以硫酸盐和氧化物的形式存在,砷主要以氧化物的形式存在,具有良好的浸出特性。采用低浓度酸浸—硫化沉淀法回收烟尘中的铜,并考察了絮凝剂对硫化物矿浆沉降性能的影响。结果表明:(1)在初始硫酸浓度为40 g/L,浸出温度为50℃,浸出时间为90 min,液固体积质量比为4∶1 mL/g的条件下,Cu、Zn、As的浸出率分别为96.33%、96.52%和83.72%。(2)硫化沉铜时,在硫化钠过量系数为1.3,p H值为3.0,反应时间为20 min的条件下,Cu的沉淀率可达到99.99%,硫化沉淀产物主要物相为Cu S,其中铜的品位为56.90%,可直接用于工业生产。沉铜后液可继续回收Zn等有价金属。(3)加入絮凝剂可使硫化沉淀的粒径变大,加速矿浆的沉降并且有助于固液分离。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to recover valuable metals from copper smelting dust,properties analysis were carried out on the dust of high copper and high arsenic produced by a copper smelter,and the occurrence state and content of main elements in the dust were determined. The results showed that copper and zinc mainly existed in the form of sulfate and oxide,while arsenic mainly existed in the form of oxide,which has good leaching characteristics. The copper in dust was recovered by low concentration acid leaching-sulfide precipitation method,and the effect of flocculant on settling property of sulfide pulp was investigated. The results showed that:(1) under the conditions of initial sulfuric acid concentration of 40 g/L,leaching temperature of 50℃,leaching time of 90 min,liquid-solid mass ratio of 4 ∶1 mL/g,the leaching rates of copper,zinc and arsenic were 96. 33%,96. 52% and 83. 72%,respectively.(2) Under the conditions of sodium sulfide excess coefficient of 1. 3,pH value of 3. 0 and reaction time of 20 min,the copper precipitation rate could reach 99. 99%. The main phase of sulfide precipitation products was Cu S,and the grade of copper was 56. 90%,which could be directly used in industrial production. After precipitating copper,the solution could continue to recover valuable metals such as Zn.(3) The addition of flocculant could increase the size of sulfide precipitate,accelerate the settlement of pulp and facilitate solid-liquid separation.更多还原