【摘要】 为探究腐殖酸钾对粘质盐土盐分、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺吸附和淋洗特性的影响，进行了 5 种腐殖酸钾添加量（0,0.6,1.2,1.8,2.4 g/kg，处理号依次为 CK、T1、T2、T3、T4）的室内土柱模拟试验。通过室内土柱模拟试验，分析了咸、淡水淋洗后，腐殖酸钾添加量对土壤盐分、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量及吸附、淋洗特性的影响。结果表明：（1）经过咸水淋洗，各处理土壤含盐量、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量均有所升高，但随着腐殖酸钾添加量的增加而降低。（2）与 CK 相比，T1-T4 四个处理土壤含盐量、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量增加量显著降低，其中土壤 Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量增加量的最大降低幅度分别为 72.42%、89.52%、54.10%。（3）淡水淋洗后，T1-T4 四个处理土壤含盐量、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量较 CK 显著降低。（4）与 CK 相比，土壤盐分、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量减少量显著提高，其中土壤 Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量减少量的最大提升幅度分别为 34.61%、42.31%、55.04%。腐殖酸钾能够抑制粘质盐土对盐分、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺的吸附，增强淡水对土壤盐分、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺的淋洗效果，从而达到降低土壤含盐量、Cl^-、SO₄^2-、Na⁺含量的目的。综合考虑，1.8 g/kg可作为黄河三角洲地区利用腐殖酸钾进行粘质盐土改良的推荐添加量。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the effect of potassium humate on the adsorption and leaching characteristics of clay soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-Na⁺, the laboratory soil column simulation test was carried out with five potassium humate supplemental levels （0,0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4 g/kg, and treatment numbers were CK, T1, T2, T3, and T4, respectively）. The effects of potassium humate addition amount on soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-Na⁺content and characteristics of adsorption and leaching after leaching with salt and fresh water were analyzed. The results show that: （1）after leaching with salt water, the soil salt content, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺content in all treatments increased, but decreased with the increase of potassium humate. （2） compared with the CK, the soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺content increments in the four treatments of T1 to T4 were significantly reduced, and the largest decrease in soil Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺content increments was 72.42%, 89.52%, and 54.10%, respectively（3）after fresh water leaching, the soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺content of the four treatments of T1 to T4 were significantly lower than those of CK. （4） compared with the CK, the reduction of the soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺content was significantly increased, and the larges increase in soil Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺content reduction was 34.61%, 42.31%, and 55.04%, respectively. Potassium humate can inhibit the adsorption of salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and Na⁺in clay saline soil, and enhance the leaching effect of fresh water on soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing soil salinity, Cl^-, SO₄^2-and Na⁺content. Considering comprehensively, 1.8g /kg can be used as the recommended dosage for the improvement of clayey saline soil with potassium humate in the Yellow River Delta.更多还原