【摘要】 附着于输电线路上的各类障碍是电网安全稳定运行的重大威胁，传统的清障方法或存在安全隐患，或耗能较高，且大多需要停电处理，而激光能量高、准直性好，可用于远距离无接触击落异物或融化覆冰。因此，文中综述了激光清障技术在电网中的应用现状与发展，首先总结了激光清除异物、覆冰、树障等不同类型障碍的原理与应用；然后对比了常用于清障的几种激光器的特点；最后分析了激光波长、激光功率、光斑直径等参数对清障效率的影响，研究了激光照射导线、绝缘子时功率密度与照射时间的安全阈值问题。激光清障技术目前已被广泛应用于清除线路悬挂异物，但清除覆冰、树障等应用方向受限于清障效率、成本，仍有待进一步发展。文中所综述的此技术的相关研究与应用可为电气工程领域的技术人员提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Various barriers attached to the transmission line pose a huge threat to the safe and stable operation of the power grid. Traditional barrier removal methods either have safety hazards or consume high energy, and most of them require power outage. With the advantage of high energy and good collimation, laser can be used to shoot down foreign bodies or melt ice without contact from a distance. Therefore, the application status and development of laser barrier removal technology in power grid are sum up. Firstly, the principles of removing different types of barriers such as foreign bodies, ice and tree barriers using laser are summarized. Secondly, the features of several lasers which are commonly used in barriers removal areas are compared. Finally, the effect of some parameters such as laser wavelength, laser power and spot diameter on barrier removal efficiency are analyzed. The safety threshold of power density and irradiation time when lasers irradiate transmission line and insulators are also studied. Laser barrier removal technology is widely used to remove foreign bodies hanging on the lines, but removing ice, tree barriers or other barriers are limited by the removing efficiency and cost. These are still need to be further developed. The related researches and applications of this technology are reviewed in this paper, which can provide a reference for technical personnel in the field of electrical engineering technology.更多还原