【摘要】 创新驱动、人才驱动是中国经济高质量发展的关键推动力，党的二十大报告中也强调人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力，由此可见人才在行业间的有效配置对生产效率提升和经济水平提高十分重要。在虚拟经济迅速发展的背景下，人才配置愈发呈现脱实向虚的倾向，这种现象的加剧会阻碍中国经济高质量发展，为此本文选取19个行业2009-2020年数据，试图分析当前行业的人才错配程度，并进一步探究人才脱实向虚对行业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现：样本所选行业均存在人才错配情况，虚拟经济行业中的金融业人才配置呈现过剩状态，而以制造业为代表的实体经济行业人才存在严重短缺，表明中国存在着人才脱实向虚现象，且人才脱实向虚对以制造业为代表的实体经济的全要素生产率存在显著的负向影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Innovation-driven and talent-driven are the key driving forces for China’s high-quality development of China’s economy, and the report of the 20th National Congress also emphasizes that talent is the first resource and innovation is the first driving force. It can be seen that the effective allocation of talents among industries is very important to improve production efficiency and economic level. In the context of the rapid development of the virtual economy, the allocation of talents is increasingly showing a tendency to transfer from real economy to virtual economy. The intensification of this phenomenon will hinder the high-quality development of China’s economy. Therefore, this paper selects the data of 19 industries from 2009 to 2020 to try to explore the degree of talent mismatch in the current industry, and further explores the impact of talent transfer from real economy to virtual economy on the total factor productivity of the industry. The results find that: There is a talent mismatch in all industries in China, and the allocation of talents in the financial industry in the virtual economy industry is in a state of excess, while there is a serious shortage of talent in the real economy industry represented by the manufacturing industry, indicating that there is a phenomenon of talents transfer from real economy to virtual economy in China, and that the talents transfer from real economy to virtual economy has a significant negative impact on the total factor productivity of the real economy represented by the manufacturing industry.更多还原