【摘要】 目的针对激光熔覆Ni60A成形效率问题,研究工艺参数对单道熔覆效率和高宽比的影响规律,实现熔覆层工艺参数的预测与优化。方法基于正交试验设计方法,采用信噪比对试验结果进行转换,并通过灰色关联分析多目标优化方法进行工艺参数优化。结果最优工艺参数:激光功率为1900 W,扫描速度为8 mm/s,气流量为16 L/min,离焦量为9 mm。与正交试验最优结果相比,熔覆效率从24.195 mm~3/s提高到24.278 mm~3/s,高宽比从0.712降至0.654。结论激光功率和离焦量对熔覆效率的影响最为显著,扫描速度和离焦量对高宽比的影响最为显著,验证试验结果与预测结果的误差仅为5.109%。利用灰色关联分析可实现激光熔覆多目标优化,为激光熔覆Ni60A成形效率工艺参数的预测和控制提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The work aims to study the influence of process parameters on single-track cladding efficiency and aspect ratio,predict and optimize the process parameters of cladding layer, so as to solve the problem on forming efficiency of laser cladding Ni60A. Based on the orthogonal experimental design method, the experimental results were converted by the signal-to-noise ratio, and the process parameters were optimized by the gray relational analysis multi-objective optimization method. The optimized process parameters included 1900 W laser power, 8 mm/s scanning speed, 16 L/min gas flow, and 9 mm defocusing distance. Compared with the optimal result of orthogonal experiment, the cladding efficiency was increased from 24.195 mm~3/s to 24.278 mm~3/s and the aspect ratio was reduced from 0.712 to 0.654. The results suggest that the cladding efficiency is most significantly affected by laser power and defocusing distance, while scanning speed and defocusing distance have the most significant impact on the aspect ratio. The error rate between the validation experiment and the predicted results is only 5.109%. The results can realize the multi-objective optimization of laser cladding through gray relational analysis, which provides a theoretical basis for the prediction and control of the forming efficiency process parameters of laser cladding Ni60A.更多还原