【摘要】 目的：通过经鼻持续气道正压（nCPAP）和无创高频振荡通气（nHFOV）两种模式在早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）初始治疗中的应用，比较治疗效果及并发症的发生。方法：选取82例早产儿作为研究对象，并采用随机临床试验方法，对主要观察指标和次要观察指标进行分析。结果：nHFOV组的有创支持率低于nCPAP组（χ²=4.83,P=0.028 0）。两组间PaCO₂和pH差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。组内（时间）比较，PaO₂,氧合指数（OI）和pH比较，差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。经校正后显示不同时间点的PaCO₂差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。PaO₂,PaCO₂,OI和pH组间和组内（时间）的交互项分别具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。重复使用肺表面活性物质（PS）在两组中的差异具有统计学意义（χ²=4.58,P=0.032 3）。两组均无Ⅲ度以上颅内出血，也无死亡事件发生。结论：早产儿RDS初始治疗中，nHFOV与nCPAP相比，能更好地清除CO₂潴留，改善其他主要观察指标，且不增加副作用发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To compare the therapeutic effect and complications of the initial nasal continuous positive airway pressure（nCPAP） and noninvasive high frequency oscillatory ventilation（nHFOV） on the initial treatment of respiratory distress syndrome（RDS）.Method 82 premature infants were selected as the research objects.Randomized clinical trial was Major and Secondary indicators were analyzed.Results The invasive support rate of the nHFOV group was lower than that of the nCPAP group（χ²=4.83,P=0.028 0）.Compared between the two groups, the differences in PaCO₂ and pH were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Within the group（time） comparison, the differences in PaO₂,IO and pH were statistically significant（P<0.001）.After correction, PaCO₂ showed statistically significant differences in PaCO₂ at different time points（P<0.001）.The interaction items between and within the group（time） of PaO₂,PaCO₂,IO and pH were statistically significant（P<0.05）.The difference in repeated use of PS between the two groups was statistically significant（χ²=4.58,P=0.032 3）.There was no intracranial hemorrhage above Ⅲ degree in both groups, and no death occurred.Conclusion In the initial treatment of RDS in premature infants, nHFOV could better remove CO₂ retention than nCPAP,improve other main observation indicators, and not increase the incidence of side effects.更多还原