【摘要】 山水林田湖草一体化保护是我国生态文明建设的一项重要内容，土地利用类型时空分异是开展山水林田湖草一体化生态保护和生态修复的重要依据。基于2000～2018年遥感影像数据，采用土地利用动态度和转移矩阵定量分析晋中市主要土地利用类型的时空分异特征，并探讨其山水林田湖草一体化生态保护有效途径。结果表明：晋中市全市山水林田湖草系统组成结构以林、草、田为主，林、草主要分布在东部丘陵山地区，农田主要集中于西部汾河谷地一带。2000～2010年土地利用变化较为剧烈，主要表现为农田类型的大幅度缩减和建设用地的显著扩张；2010～2018年在集约内涵式发展理念指引下，这种态势得到有效控制。前期土地利用结构不稳定，转移面积大，高于10 000 km~2的转移类型有农田转向建设用地、农田转向草地和草地转向建设用地；后期结构稳定，转移面积小，农田转为建设用地、建设用地转为农田和草地转为建设用地较为明显，但均低于5 000 km~2。因此，继续提高建设用地集约利用水平，严格保护基本农田，推进林、草、水等生态用地的建设，是今后晋中市山水林田湖草一体化保护的重要途径和有效措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 The integrated protection of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grass system has become an important part of the construction of ecological civilization in China. The research on the spatial-temporal differentiation of land use was an important basis for ecological protection and restoration. Based on the remote sensing image data from 2000 to 2018,the spatial-temporal differentiation characteristics of main land use types were analyzed by using the methods of land dynamic degree,and land use transition matrix in Jinzhong city. Then the effective approaches were discussed for integrated ecological protection of the mountainwater-forest-farmland-lake-grass system.The results showed:Forest,grass and farmland were the main land use types in the mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grass system,however the farmland was mainly distributed in the Fenhe Valley in the west,and the forest and grass were mainly distributed in the eastern hilly areas;from 2000 to 2010,land use change was more drastic,and the main performance was the great reduction of farmland type and the significant expansion of construction land. However,from 2 000 to 2010,this situation was effectively controlled under the economical and intensive development concept;in the early stage of the study,the structure of land use was unstable and there was a large area of land use transformation. The transfer types above 10 000 km~2 include farmland to construction land,farmland to grassland and grassland to construction land. In the later period,the structure was stable and the transfer area was less. The conversion of farmland to construction land,construction land to farmland and grassland to construction land was obvious,but they were all less than 5 000 km~2.Therefore,the important ways and effective measures will be to continue raising the level of intensive use for construction land,strictly protecting basic farmland,and promoting the development of forest,grass,water and other ecological land for integrated protection of mountain-water-forest-farmland-lake-grass system in Jinzhong City in the future.更多还原