【摘要】 针对滑阀液动力的优化问题，对非全周开口、内流式滑阀流场特性进行了研究，对其阀套结构进行了优化。首先，采用两相流模型，利用动网格技术、UDF功能模拟了阀芯的运动状态，通过仿真计算了阀芯运动状态下的瞬态流场，同时分析了阀芯静止时的稳态流场；然后，研究了滑阀阀芯的运动速度、流量变化、阀口开度对液动力的影响；最后，提出了一种把阀套进油孔由直孔改为斜孔的方法来优化滑阀的液动力，并对不同倾斜角和阀口开度时的滑阀液动力进行了比较。研究结果表明：相较于瞬态液动力，滑阀的稳态液动力更大；在阀芯运动速度快、流量大，且阀口开度小于0.5 mm时，滑阀的瞬态液动力比较大，因而其影响也不可忽视；优化后的阀套结构可以有效减小液动力，倾斜角在15°～20°范围内时其优化效果最好；该研究结果可为滑阀结构的优化设计提供有益的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the optimization problem of spool valve flow force, the flow field characteristics of non-full-circumferential opening and internal flow spool valve were studied, the structure of the valve sleeve was optimized. Firstly, a two-phase flow model was adopted, the movement state of the spool was simulated by using dynamic grid technology and UDF function, the transient flow field under the movement of the spool was calculated through simulation, and the steady flow field was analyzed when the spool is stationary. Then the influence of spool velocity, flow rate and orifice opening on flow force was studied. Finally, a method of changing the oil inlet hole of the valve sleeve from a straight hole to an oblique hole was proposed to optimize the flow force. The flow force at different inclination angles and valve openings were compared. The research results show that the steady state flow force of the spool valve is larger than the transient flow force, but the transient flowforce can be relatively large when the spool moves quickly with a large flow; and the opening degree is less than 0.5 mm, so its effect can not be ignored. The optimized valve sleeve structure can effectively reduce the flow force, and the optimization effect is best when the tilt angle is in the range of 15°～20°, which provides a useful reference for the optimization design of the spool valve structure.更多还原