【摘要】 基于2014年秋季(11月)在黄海海域所获取的大型底栖动物及环境数据,研究了黄海海域大型底栖甲壳类动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、多样性以及群落结构特征等。调查海域共发现71种大型底栖甲壳类动物,隶属于32科42属,其平均丰度和生物量分别为278 inds./m~2和2.33 g/m~2。相对重要性指数最高的物种为太平洋方甲涟虫Eudorella pacifica(Hart,1930)。在23%的相似度水平上,可以将大型底栖甲壳类划分为6个群落。Pearson相关性结果显示,太平洋方甲涟虫丰度与水深呈极显著正相关,与底层盐度呈显著正相关,与底层温度呈显著负相关。大型底栖甲壳类动物的物种数占比在黄海大型底栖动物类群组成中变化不大,都在30%左右。BOPA指数表明,调查海域底栖生态环境整体良好,仅黄海中部和南部部分站位可能存在中度扰动; BOPA指数能较好地评价研究海域的环境质量状况。更多还原

【Abstract】 The species composition, abundance, biomass, diversity, and community structure of the macrobenthic crustaceans were studied based on Yellow Sea macrobenthos data from November 2014. A total of 71 species of macrobenthic crustaceans were identified from 32 families and 45 genera, with an average abundance of 278 inds./m~2 and biomass of 2.33 g/m~2. Eudorella pacifica Hart, 1930 had the highest Index of Relative Importance value. The cluster analysis showed that the macrobenthic crustaceans in the surveyed area were divided into six communities at a similarity level of 23%. The result of Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that the abundance of Eudorella pacifica Hart, 1930 was strongly positively correlated with water depth and bottom salt and negatively correlated with bottom temperature. In previous studies, the proportion of macrobenthos among benthic crustacean species did not change much, accounting for about 30% of the total number of macrobenthic species. The benthic ecological environment in the surveyed area was undisturbed according to the benthic opportunistic Polychaeta Amphipoda(BOPA) index results, and only the central and southern parts of the Yellow Sea were moderately disturbed. The environmental quality of the surveyed area was well evaluated by the BOPA index.更多还原