【摘要】 水产养殖业的尾水排放已成为水域生态环境的污染源之一,为探究凡纳滨对虾-缢蛏串联养殖模式的生态修复效果,对凡纳滨对虾-缢蛏串联养殖池塘的水生态进行周年跟踪测定,并采用权重赋值法与灰色聚类法对其生态修复效果进行评价。结果显示:串联模式下浮游植物的丰度介于6.8×10~5～2.5×10~8 cell/L,生物量为2.04～65.72 mg/L, Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.34～2.56,均匀度指数范围为0.43～0.72,多样性水平较高,物种分布的均匀度较好;与传统虾蛏混养模式相比,虾蛏串联养殖模式对养殖池塘水生态环境有明显的修复作用。基于权重赋值法的生态修复效果评价表明,虾蛏串养模式的综合改善率为28.96%,生态修复目标综合值为0.6347,整体修复效果为良;灰色聚类法评价结果表明,虾蛏串联养殖模式的生态修复评价得分为1.6413,比传统虾蛏混养塘评价得分提高39.76%。因此,相比传统虾蛏混养模式,虾蛏串联养殖模式更加有利于维持池塘生态稳定,对养殖池塘水生态环境有明显的修复作用,这一结果为养殖尾水达标排放提供了一个新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The discharge and treatment of tail water from aquaculture industry is an ecological issue. To assess the ecological restoration effect of tandem aquaculture in Litopenaeus vannamei and Sinonovacula constricta tandem aquaculture ponds, a one-year study was conducted using weight assignment method and gray clustering method. The results showed that the abundance of phytoplankton ranged 6.8×10~5～2.5×10~8 cell/L, the biomass 2.04～65.72 mg/L, the Shannon-Wiener diversity index 1.34～2.56, and the evenness index 0.43～0.72. The diversity level was high and the uniformity of species distribution was good. Compared with traditional mixed rearing pattern of L. vannamei and S.constricta, the tandem aquaculture systems effectively reduced the nutrient content and improved the quality of culture water. Using the weight assignment method, the ecological restoration effect was assessed. Results showed that in overall,the improvement rate was 28.96%, the ecological restoration target value reached 0.643 7, and the restoration effect was good. In addition, the grey clustering method evaluation showed that the score of ecological restoration of the tandem aquaculture was 1.641 3, or increased by 39.76% from that of the traditional rearing. Therefore, the tandem aquaculture system of L. vannamei and S. constricta was beneficial to maintaining the ecological stability of the pond water environment. This study provided a good practice for biological treatment of tail water.更多还原