【摘要】 同域分布物种的生境特征以及共存机制一直是生态学的研究热点，通过生境分析可以探明物种的生境偏好和生态位分化的程度，对物种的保护和管理工作亦具有指导意义。2018年7月～8月，采用样线法和样方法调查了甘肃省东大山自然保护区岩羊（Pseudois nayaur）和喜马拉雅旱獭（Marmota bobak）的栖息生境，共测定了3个地形因子，探讨了它们的生境偏好和生态位的分异特征。地形因子的比较结果表明，2种兽类的海拔因子差异不显著（P>0.05），坡度和坡向因子均差异显著（P<0.05）;2种兽类利用生境的地形因子与随机样点比较均存在显著差异（P<0.05）。资源选择函数分析结果表明，岩羊和旱獭对2700m以上的海拔区间均偏好选择；并对坡度区间大于29°表现为喜爱；与旱獭相比，岩羊尤其喜爱在高海拔和高坡度值区域活动；二者更偏好选择阴坡和半阴坡，对阳坡的选择性都表现为不喜爱。核密度曲线估计亦能够反映出二者的资源偏好以及生态位分化程度。更多还原

【Abstract】 The habitat characteristics and coexistence mechanisms of sympatric species have always been a hot topic in field of ecology. Through habitat analysis,habitat preference and niche differentiation of species can be determined,which also have guiding significance for species conservation and management. From July to August 2018,we investigated the habitats of Pseudois nayaur and Marmota bobak in Dongshan Nature Reserve,Gansu Province by using line transect and quadrat sampling methods. In this study,three topographic factors were measured,and habitat preference and niche differentiation of the two mammals were analyzed. The results of factors comparison showed that there were no significant differences of altitude between the two species(P>0.05),but the factor of slope and aspect showed significant difference respectively between the two species(P<0.05). For all these terrain factors,showed there were significant differences between the species’ using loci and the random loci(P<0.05). The results of resource selection function analysis showed that both Pseudois nayaur and Marmota bobak preferred to choose the altitude above2700m,and had preference selection of slope higher than 29°. We also found the Pseudois nayaur particularly prefer to select higher altitude and steep slope. Both animals prefer selecting shady slope and semi-shady slope,and have no preference toward sunny slope. The kernel density curve can also reflect the resource preference and differentiation in niche between the two species.更多还原