【摘要】 红外光电探测器可以获取目标反射和自发的红外辐射,具有抗干扰性强、全天候观测、探测距离远、分辨率高等优点,在国防、通信、遥感、航天等领域中扮演着不可替代的角色。从20世纪40年代第一代低像素探测器的应用到90年代末第三代SWaP~3概念的提出,红外光电探测器正经历着变革性发展。专注于阵列规模、灵敏度、分辨率等性能指标提高的传统光电探测器利用光强度信息进行成像,无法满足未来目标多样化、环境复杂化、任务多元化等发展需求。多维度光信息的获取为提升红外探测器性能提供了新途径,除强度信息外,通过红外光电探测器可以获取光的波长、动量、偏振和相位等本征信息,也可利用光的传输时间获取光程信息。本文面向多维度红外探测发展需求,聚焦波长、偏振、光程和相位四个方面的特征,从新原理、新材料、新结构等方面综述了近年来多维度红外光电探测器的研究进展,进而提出对多维度红外探测器发展方向的思考和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The infrared photodetector can obtain IR radiation either reflected by or radiated from the target,which is a unique property and makes infrared photodetectors play an important role in areas such as national defense,communications,remote sensing,and aerospace along with other advantages,such as strong anti-interference,full-time detection,long detection range,and high-resolution imaging.The infrared photodetector is undergoing radical development from the application of the first generation multielement detectors in the 1940 s to the striving for the proposal of SWaP3 concepts in the third generation in the late 1990s.Traditional infrared photodetectors,of which the advancement focus on improving performance indicators such as array size,sensitivity,and resolution,using light intensity information for imaging,are sluggish to meet future demanding such as recognizing diverse targets,facing environmental complexity,and dealing with multiform tasks at the same time.Infrared photodetectors for multidimensional optical information acquisition provide new routes to improve the device performance and meet future needs.Infrared photodetector obtains not only abundant intrinsic information of light besides intensity,such as phase,wavelength,polarization,and momentum,but also external information like optical path.This paper focuses on the multi-dimension infrared detection extracting information of wavelength,polarization,phase,and the optical path of the targets,which does not only summarize the research progress of infrared photodetectors from the aspects of new principles,new materials,and new structures,but also put forward the idea and outlook for the development direction of the multi-dimensional infrared photodetectors.更多还原