【摘要】 目的：探讨中老年健康体适能指标与骨量减少的关系，为早期发现骨量减少提供预警。方法：采用超声骨密度仪、功率自行车及身体成分仪测量246例45～70岁中老年人跟骨骨密度、最大摄氧量及身体成分等指标，使用SPSS22.0进行相关分析及受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)下面积(AUC)计算，探索骨密度与健康体适能的关系，找到可预测骨量减少的健康体适能指标切点值。结果：(1)中老年女性骨量减少比例为42.03%,男性为29.63%,具有统计学差异。(2)男性身高、体重、BMI、肌肉重量、最大摄氧量、握力、骨密度、骨折风险系数等健康体适能指标均高于女性，脂肪重量、脂肪百分比、坐位体前屈、选择反应时则低于女性。(3)56～70岁女性骨密度、骨折风险系数低于45～50岁，61～70岁骨强度低于45～60岁。(4)中老年骨量减少人群的BMI、肌肉重量、握力、骨密度、骨强度低于骨量正常人群。(5)中老年男性骨密度与脂肪重量、脂肪百分比、体质指数；女性与年龄、体质指数呈正相关，与闭眼单足站立呈负相关。男性年龄、最大摄氧量、握力和闭眼单足站立的最大约登指数对应切点值分别为55.5岁、42.55 ml/kg/min、31.65 kg、9.5 s;女性年龄、身高、体重、体质指数、肌肉重量、最大摄氧量、握力、闭眼单足站立、选择反应时分别为60.5岁、159.06 cm、55.5 kg、24.75 kg/m~2、39.3 kg、36.05 ml/kg/min、21.0 kg、2.5 s、1.255 s。结论：中老年女性骨量减少患病率高于男性，健康体适能指标具有年龄及性别差异，骨量减少人群部分健康体适能指标下降，可用健康体适能指标预测中老年人骨量减少风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the relationship between health fitness indexes and bone mass loss in middle-aged and old people, and to provide early warning for early detection of bone mass loss.Methods: The calcaneal bone mineral density（BMD）, maximum oxygen uptake（VO₂max） and body composition of 246 middle-aged and elderly people aged 45-70 years were measured by the ultrasonic bone mineral density meter, the power bicycle and the body composition analyzer. Correlation analysis and area under receiver operating characteristic curve（AUC） were used to explore the relationship between BMD and healthy physical fitness by using SPSS22.0. To find cut-off values for healthy fitness indicators that can predict bone mass loss. Results :（1）The percentage of bone mass loss in women was 42.03%, and that in men was 29.63%, with statistical difference.（2）The males’ height, weight, BMI, muscle weight, VO₂max, grip strength, BMD, fracture risk coefficient were higher than females’, while fat weight, fat percentage, sitting forward flexion and selection response time were lower in males than in females.（3）Bone mineral density and fracture risk coefficient of women aged 56 to 70 were lower than those of women aged 45 to 50, and bone strength of women aged 61 to 70 was lower than those of women aged 45 to 60.（4） BMI, muscle weight, grip strength, BMD and bone strength of middle-aged and elderly people with decreased bone mass were lower than those of normal people.（5） BMD was positively correlated with fat weight, fat percentage and body mass index in middle-aged and old men, positively correlated with age and body mass index in women, and negatively correlated with eye closed standing on one foot. The cut-off value corresponding to the maximum Youden’s index of age, VO₂max, grip strength and stand on one foot with eyes closed in males were respectively 55.5 years old, 42.55 ml/kg/min, 31.65 kg and 9.5 s. Female’s age, height, weight, body mass index, muscle weight, VO₂max, grip strength, eye closed standing on one foot, selection response time were respectively 60.5 years old, 159.06 cm, 55.5 kg, 24.75 kg/m², 39.3 kg, 36.05 ml/kg/min, 21.0 kg, 2.5 s, 1.255 s. Conclusion: The prevalence of bone mass loss in middle-aged and elderly women is higher than the men. There are age and sex differences in health fitness indexes, and some health fitness indexes of people with bone mass loss decrease. Health fitness indexes can be used to predict the risk of bone mass loss in middle-aged and elderly people.更多还原