【摘要】 国内外进行的煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验发现突出发生时煤层具有层裂现象，但是层裂现象的明显程度各不相同。为了分析突出过程中煤层层裂特征的形成机制，基于煤层一维渗透破坏判别式、煤层气体渗流方程和煤壁气压衰减方程，建立了石门揭煤诱发突出的煤层一维渗透破坏数学模型。把突出分为均匀气压突出和梯度气压突出两种形式。对于气压呈均匀分布的煤层，在发生层裂的同时，煤块还会发生破碎化，使得煤块进一步破碎，导致突出结束后不易观察到层裂现象；对于气压呈梯度分布的煤层，在发生层裂破坏的同时煤块不会发生破碎化，突出结束后更容易观察到层裂现象。石门揭煤引起的突出包括上述两种形式：先发生均匀气压突出，后发生梯度气压突出。对石门揭煤的煤层一维渗透破坏数学模型进行数值求解，得到了层裂厚度随离突出口距离增大而增大的结论。物理模拟试验的结果验证了上述结论的正确性。该数学模型的建立为煤与瓦斯突出定量化研究提供了一种思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The coal and gas outburst simulation tests conducted at home and abroad found that coal seams had layer fractures, but the degree of layer fractures varied. A mathematical model of coal seepage failure for outburst during uncovering coal in crosscut was developed based on the discriminant of coal seepage failure, the gas seepage equation and the gas pressure attenuation equation. The outburst has two forms, one of uniform gas pressure and the other of gradient gas pressure. For the coal seam with the uniform gas pressure distribution, fragmentation will occur inside the coal block, which makes it difficult to observe the layer fracture phenomenon after the outburst ends. For the coal seam with the gradient distribution of pressure, when the fracture failure happens, the fragmentation will not occur in the coal block, so the layer fracture is easy to be observed after the end of the outburst.It is believed that the outburst of uncovering coal in crosscut includes the above two forms, the gradient gas pressure coal outburst occurs after the uniform gas pressure coal one. The numerical solution of the mathematical model of coal seepage failure for the uncovering coal in crosscut got the result that the layer thickness increased with the increase of the distance from the outburst mouth. The rationality of the above result was verified by some simulation tests of coal and gas outbursts in the uncovering coal in crosscut. The establishment of the mathematical model provides an idea for the quantitative study of coal and gas outbursts.更多还原