【摘要】 激光熔化沉积(LMD)技术快速、自由的成形特点为航空构件的制造和发展带来了新的设计思路和方法。对激光熔化沉积钛合金与钛基复合材料的组织结构和力学性能进行了归纳分析,包括成形工艺参数、热处理技术以及增强体种类和含量对成形钛合金与钛基复合材料组织力学性能的影响,发现成形工艺参数直接影响粉末熔化程度、熔合质量和成形显微结构,从而影响成形件组织结构及其性能,通过合适的热处理可降低成形件应力并调控成形零部件的组织和性能。钛基复合材料中增强体含量与其在基体中的溶解度密切相关,增强体含量使得激光熔化沉积钛基复合材料表现出不同于钛合金的微观组织和力学性能。最后,对激光熔化沉积技术在航空用钛合金及其复合材料零件的制造和修复方面进行了分析和展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rapid and free forming characteristics of laser melting deposition(LMD) bring new design ideas and manufacturing methods for the development of aeronautical components. In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser melting deposited(LMDed) titanium alloys and titanium matrix composites(TMCs) are summarized and analyzed, including the effects of deposition parameters, heat treatment and the types and content of reinforcements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of LMDed components. It is found that the deposition parameters directly affect powder melting, the fusion quality and the microstructure of components after deposition, which influences the microstructure and properties of deposited components. By appropriate heat treatment, the forming stress could be reduced and the microstructure and properties of components can be modified. The reinforcement content is closely related to its solubility in the matrix, which makes TMCs show different microstructures and mechanical properties compared to titanium alloys. Finally, the application of LMD technology in the manufacture and repair of titanium alloy and TMCs components are analyzed and concluded.更多还原