【摘要】 地下水污染监测网的优化能让监测网以合理监测成本获取精确的地下水水质信息。为兼顾监测网空间特征与统计特征，综合考虑区域地下水水质状况和水文地质状况，提出了两步优劣解距离法优化监测网。首先以地下水典型污染物加权综合污染指数和防污性能指数为指标，采用优劣解距离法对现有监测网各监测井评分，并筛选得到不同监测井数量条件下的备选优化方案；然后以各备选优化方案的克里格插值均方根误差、空间集聚度、监测井得分均值的相对偏差和监测井得分标准差的相对偏差为指标，再次采用优劣解距离法对各备选方案评分，遴选出最佳方案。并将两步优劣解距离法应用于东北某油田开采区地下水污染监测网优化，在保证监测网精度的同时将现有的20口地下水监测井减少至14口，降低了监测井的布设和维护成本，同时保持监测井位置不变，有利于保持地下水污染监测的连续性，具有潜在的可推广性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The groundwater pollution monitoring network was allowed to obtain accurate groundwater quality information at a reasonable monitoring cost after optimization. Taking spatial and statistical characteristics into account by combining regional groundwater quality and hydrology, a two-step TOPSIS method was proposed. First, the weighted comprehensive index of typical pollutants and the pollution vulnerability index were used as indicators, and the TOPSIS method was used to calculate the scores of present monitoring wells. Then, the alternative schemes with different monitoring well numbers were selected. Finally, the Kriging interpolation’s root mean square error, spatial aggregation index, the relative deviation of the mean value of the monitoring well’s score, and the relative deviation of the standard deviation of the monitoring well’s score were used as indicators. The TOPSIS method was used again to calculate the score of each alternative scheme and the best one was selected. The two-step TOPSIS method was applied to optimize the groundwater pollution monitoring network of an oilfield in Northeast China. The present 20 groundwater monitoring wells were decreased to 14 with comparable accuracy. The layout and maintenance costs of monitoring wells were saved. At the same time, the location of the monitoring wells maintained, which was beneficial for keeping the consistency of monitoring, and had the potential for promotion.更多还原