【摘要】 目的：探究低强度抗阻结合血流限制干预和高强度抗阻练习对男子短跑运动员冲刺能力和爆发性跳跃表现的急性影响。方法：15名大学男子短跑运动员按随机顺序完成90%1 RM臀推（Hip Thrust,HT）、90%1 RM杠铃半蹲（Half Squat,HS）、30%1 RM HT+BFRT和30%1 RM HS+BFRT任务干预，高强度抗阻练习方案为90%1 RM×1次/组×5组×组间歇1min，低强度抗阻结合血流限制训练方案为30%1RM×15次/组×3组×组间歇30s，干预后第5分钟随机进行20m冲刺跑、立定跳远和垂直跳跃测试，每次实验仅完成其中一项测试，时间间隔≥72h。结果：（1）30%1 RM HS+BFRT干预后10-20m冲刺能力显著高于90%1 RM HT、90%1 RM HS;30%1 RM HT+BFRT干预后0-20m冲刺能力显著高于90%1 RM HS;(2)30%1 RM HS+BFRT干预后CMJ纵跳高度显著高于90%1 RM HS;90%1 RM HS干预后立定跳远成绩显著高于30%1 RM HT+BFRT;(3)90%1 RM HT、90%1 RM HS干预后CMJ相对峰值功率显著高于30%1RM HT+BFRT;90%1 RM HS干预后CMJ相对发力率显著高于30%1 RM HT+BFRT;90%1 RM HT干预后SJ相对发力率显著高于30%1 RM HT+BFRT、30%1 RM HS+BFRT;90%1 RM HS干预后CMJ相对峰值力显著高于30%1 RM HT+BFRT;90%1 RM HT干预后SJ相对峰值力显著高于30%1 RM HT+BFRT、30%1RM HS+BFRT。结论：（1）低强度杠铃臀推抗阻结合血流限制干预后男子短跑运动员冲刺能力显著高于高强度杠铃半蹲；（2）杠铃半蹲练习对男子短跑运动员爆发性跳跃表现的积极影响显著优于杠铃臀推。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: to investigate the acute effects of low-intensity resistance combined with blood flow restriction training and high-intensity resistance training on sprint and jump performance in male sprinters. Methods: Fifteen male college sprinters were recruited to complete 90% 1 RM hip thrust(HT),90% 1 RM barbell half squat(HS), 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT and 30% 1 RM HS+BFRT interventions.The high-intensity resistance training program involves 90% 1 RM×1repetition × 5sets ×1min interval recovery time, and the low-intensity resistance combined with blood flow restriction training program includes 30% 1 RM×15 repetitions ×3 sets× 30s interval recovery time. Participants complete 20m sprint, standing long jump and jump tests after each intervention, only one of these tests was completed following each intervention program with the interval time greater than 72h. Results:(1) The sprint performance of 10-20m following 30% 1 RM HS+BFRT intervention was significantly higher than that of 90% 1 RM HT and 90% 1 RM HS; The 0-20m sprint performance after 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT intervention was significantly higher than that of 90% 1 RM HS.(2) The CMJ vertical jump height was significantly higher than 90% 1 RM HS after 30% 1 RM HS+BFRT intervention; The standing long jump performance of 90% 1 RM HS after the intervention was significantly higher than that of 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT;(3) The relative peak power of CMJ after 90% 1 RM HT and 90% 1 RM HS intervention was significantly higher than that of 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT; The relative force rate of CMJ after 90% 1 RM HS intervention was significantly higher than that of 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT. The relative force rate of SJ after 90% 1 RM HT practice intervention was significantly higher than that of 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT and 30% 1 RM HS+BFRT. The relative peak force of CMJ after 90% 1 RM HS intervention was significantly higher than that of 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT. The increase in SJ relative peak power after 90% 1 RM HT practice intervention was significantly higher than that of 30% 1 RM HT+BFRT and 30% 1 RM HS+BFRT. Conclusions:(1) The sprinting ability of male sprinters was significantly higher after low-intensity barbell hip thrust resistance combined with blood flow restriction intervention than high-intensity barbell half-squat;(2) The effect of barbell half-squat exercise on explosive jumping performance of male sprinters was significantly better than that of barbell hip thrust.更多还原