【摘要】 【目的】研究单一和复合乳酸菌添加处理对高丹草青贮发酵效果的影响，为高丹草青贮菌剂的开发研制提供科学依据。【方法】利用前期筛选出的植物乳杆菌（保存编号LP06）、戊糖片球菌（保存编号PP02）和短乳杆菌（保存编号LBR02）添加至高丹草，乳酸菌总添加量约5×10⁵CFU/g，设8个处理：（1）CK（无乳酸菌）；（2）LP06;（3）PP02;（4）LBR02;（5）F-1（LP06∶PP02=1∶1）;（6）F-2（LP06∶LBR02=1∶1）;（7）F-3（PP02∶LBR02=1∶1）;（8）F-4（LP06∶PP02∶LBR02=1∶1∶1）。对8个处理青贮60 d后的感官品质进行评定，测定分析发酵品质、营养成分和主要微生物数量，并利用隶属函数法进行综合评价。【结果】高丹草青贮60 d后，LP06和F-1处理具有明显芳香果味，感官品质最优；F-2处理pH最低，为3.88;7个乳酸菌添加处理氨态氮（NH₃-N）含量显著低于CK（P<0.05，下同）；LP06处理乳酸含量最高，为4.21%;LBR02、F-2、F-3和F-4处理乙酸含量显著高于其他处理；LP06、F-1和F-4处理乳酸菌数量较高，均在7.00×10⁵CFU/g以上；LBR02、F-2和F-3处理未检测到酵母菌和霉菌，有害微生物生长抑制效果明显；7个乳酸菌添加处理粗蛋白质（CP）含量显著高于CK，可溶性碳水化合物（WSC）含量显著低于CK，而干物质（DW）、酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）和中性洗涤纤维（NDF）含量在8个处理间差异不显著（P>0.05）。根据隶属函数法综合评价结果，F-2处理隶属函数值最高（0.69），青贮发酵效果综合表现最优。【结论】同型发酵乳酸菌LP06在提高高丹草青贮感官品质、降低NH₃-N含量、减少CP损失、增加乳酸含量和乳酸菌数量上表现更具优势，异型发酵乳酸菌LBR02在抑制有害微生物生长方面作用更显著，LP06和LBR02以1∶1比例混合添加青贮发酵效果综合表现最优。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】To study effects of adding single and multiple lactic acid bacteria on Sorghum bicolor×Sorghum sudanense silage,so as to provide scientific basis for the development of silage agents.【Method】Lactobacillus plantarum（LP06）,Pediococcus pentosaceus（PP02）and L. brevis（LBR02）selected from grass were added to S. bicolor×S. sudanense for silage preparation with amount of 5×10⁵CFU/g,and 8 treatments were designed:（1）CK（no lactic acid）;（2）LP06;（3）PP02;（4）LBR02;（5）F-1（LP06∶PP02=1∶1）;（6）F-2（LP06∶LBR02=1∶1）;（7）F-3（PP02∶LBR02=1∶1）;（8）F-4（LP06∶PP02∶LBR02=1∶1∶1）. The sensory quality,fermentation quality,nutritional ingredient and major microbial quantity of 8 treatments were analyzed after 60 d of silage with comprehensive evaluation by membership function method.【Result】After 60 d silage,the sensory quality of LP06 and F-1 treatments was with aromatic fruit odor and the best sensory quality. The lowest p H value was in F-2 treatment,3.88. NH₃-N contents of 7 lactic acid addition treatments were significantly lower than those of CK（P<0.05,the same below）. The highest lactic acid content was in LP06 treatment,4.21%. Acetic acid content of LBR02,F-2,F-3,F-4 treatments was significantly higher than those in other treatments. LP06,F-1 and F-4 treatments had the highest quantity of lactic acid bacteria,all above 7.00×10⁵CFU/g. No yeasts and molds were detected in LBR02,F-2 and F-3 treatments,and the growth inhibition effect of harmful microorganisms was significant. The CP content of 7 lactic acid addition treatments was significantly higher than that of CK,while the water-soluble carbohydrate（WSC）content of those treatments was significantly lower than that of CK. The contents of dry matter（DW）,acid detergent fiber（ADF）and neutral detergent fiber（NDF）had no significantly different among 8 treatments（P>0.05）. According to the comprehensive evaluation,F-2 treatment’s membership function value was the highest（0.69）,and F-2 treatment showed the best silage effects.【Conclusion】Homofermentative lactic acid bacteria LP06 have more advantages in improving S. bicolor × S. sudanense silage sensory quality,reducing NH₃-N content and CP loss,increasing lactic acid content and lactic acid bacteria quantity,while heterofermentative lactic bacteria LBR02 have more significant effects on inhibiting harmful microorganism growth. LP06 and LBR02 mixed with 1∶1 have the best comprehensive performance of silage effects.更多还原