【摘要】 随着深空探测中飞行器载荷探测器种类和数据容量的增大以及探测领域的拓展，对地通信速率和通信距离要求越来越高。与无线电通信相比，激光通信具有通信速率高、波束窄、保密性好、终端质量轻和功耗低等优势，在深空通信中具有巨大的潜力。为了实现远距离高灵敏度通信，通常采用提高飞行器终端激光峰值发射功率、增大地面光学系统接收面积、提高探测器接收灵敏度等方式。通过分析达到探测器靶面的光子数，采用PPM调制与超导纳米线单光子探测器是深空激光通信较为理想的一种方案。从探测器的探测概率和虚警概率出发，推导出了系统误码率模型。采用多台望远镜通过信号层面上“或”和“与”的组合处理方式组成有效口径10 m的接收望远镜阵，并分析了几种不同级联方式下的通信误码率。分析结果表明，由16台2.5 m口径望远镜通过特定的组合方式，在白天强背景光、通信距离2.67AU、通信速率1 Mb/s下，通信误码率优于10^-7。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increase of different types of space borne detectors and data capacity,as well as the expansion of the exploration field,requirements in the deep space exploration of ground communication rate and communication distance are also increasing. Compared with radio communication,space laser communication has several advantages,such as high data rate,narrow laser beam,higher security,terminal lightweight,and low power-consumption. Thus,it has great potential in deep space communication. However,space laser communication faces great challenges in the case of long distances. Generally,long-distance,high-sensitivity communication is performed by increasing the peak power of the transmit laser in the aircraft terminal,which increases the receiving area of the ground optical system,thereby improving the receiving sensitivity of the detector. By analyzing the number of photons reaching the surface of the detector,the PPM modulation system and superconducting nanowire single photon detector（SNSPD）is found to be significantly better for deep space laser communication. More specifically,the bit error rate（BER）of the system is derived from the detection probability and false probability of SNSPD. A receiving telescope array with an effective aperture of 10 m is composed of several telescopes through the combination of‘or’and‘and’signals. Subsequently,the BER of several different cascading modes is analyzed,and the results reveal that the BER with sixteen 2.5 m-aperture telescopes is relatively better than 10^-7 under strong background conditions,a communication distance of 2.67 AU,and a communication rate of 1 Mb/s.更多还原