【摘要】 为了考察丝绵木果实中油脂的分布特点，研究了其种子油脂的超临界CO2提取工艺，分析了油脂的脂肪酸组成和化学成分，通过单因素实验确定了最佳工艺参数，采用正交实验优化了超临界提取工艺并进行了验证。采用碱甲酯化和GC-MS联用方法，分析了丝绵木种子油脂的脂肪酸组成，再用皂化萃取分离和GC-MS联用的方法分析了化学组成。结果发现，丝绵木果实的油脂主要分布在种子中，种子含油42.30%。超临界CO2法提取种子油脂的工艺条件为：压力40MPa，温度30℃，萃取时间2h，在此条件下丝绵木种子油脂的提取率为96.6%。油脂的脂肪酸组成为棕榈酸12.545%、亚油酸25.215%、油酸59.830%、硬脂酸2.410%，其中不饱和脂肪酸以油酸和亚油酸为主，达85.045%，属于高单不饱和脂肪酸油类。油脂中的其他化学成分以甾醇为主，包含有谷甾醇、豆甾醇和羊毛甾醇酯，总含量达2.259%，还含有0.856%的角鲨烯。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the distribution characteristics of oil and fat in the fruit of Euonymus bungeanus Maxim, the extraction technology was explored and the components of oil and fat obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method from seeds were analyzed by GC-MS. Single factor experiment was designed to obtain the best technological parameters, and orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the supercritical extraction process and verified. The fatty acid compositionof the oil and fat yields from seeds was analyzed by alkali-methyl esterification and GC-MS, and the chemical composition was analyzed by saponification extraction and GC-MS. The oil and fat in the fruit of Euonymus bungeanus Maxim was mainly distributed in the seeds, which contained 42.30%. The extraction conditions were as followed: temperature 30℃, pressure 40MPa, extraction time 2h. Under these conditions, the extraction yield of seed oil was 96.6%. The fatty acid composition of the oil and fat was palmitic acid 12.545%, linoleic acid 25.215%, oleic acid 59.830%, stearic acid 2.410%. Oleic acid and linoleic acid accounted for 85.045% of the unsaturated fatty acids, belonging to high monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA). The other chemical components in the oil and fat were mainly sterols, included sitosterol, stigmastol and lanosterol ester, with a total content of 2.259% and squalene 0.856%.更多还原