【摘要】 古埃及诺姆长是世袭还是钦定，一般取决于中央政权的强弱。但在中王国文献中，还出现了第三种情形：世袭加钦定。《哈努姆霍泰普自传铭文》对于厘清诺姆长的授任方式及职责有重要价值。本尼哈森墓地葬有多名中王国时期的诺姆长，其中包括第十二王朝第十六诺姆诺姆长哈努姆霍泰普二世，墓中墙上刻有他的自传铭文。铭文虽然不长，但为史家提供了极为难得的史料，诺姆长的世袭与任命、诺姆长的职责、诺姆长在上任后提出的划界竖碑和通过联姻扩张家族势力范围的诉求，都在铭文中有所体现。这样一篇自传体铭文，使得对古埃及第十二王朝历史的研究可能在具体层面展开。更多还原

【Abstract】 In ancient Egypt, the position of the nomes were commonly hereditarily succeeded, or appointed by pharaoh, depending on the strength of the central government. However, in the Middle Kingdom, the position could be assigned simultaneously by both ways. The Biography of Khanumhotep is particularly a valuable material for the clarification of the appointment method and responsibilities of nomes. The cemetery of Beni Hasan buries a number of nomes of the Middle Kingdom, including Khanumhotep II, the sixteenth nome of the Twelfth Dynasty. The autobiographical inscription of this nome is discovered on the walls of his tomb. Although the inscription is not a long one, it provides crucial information regarding the inheritance and appointment of the nomes and their duties, as well as information about the demarcation activities and power expansion through mutual marriages of the nomes after taking their offices. Such an autobiographical inscription makes the detailed study of the history of the Twelfth Dynasty of ancient Egypt possible.更多还原