【摘要】 目的 研究Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺、Ni²⁺、Pb²⁺等重金属离子对牛蛙（Rana catesbiana）消化道黏膜过氧化物酶（peroxidase,POX）、非特异性酯酶（nonspecific esterase, NSE）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（succinate dehydrogenase, SDH）、酸性磷酸酶（acid phosphatase, ACP）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase, ALP）、腺苷三磷酸酶（adenosine triphosphatase, ATPase）等6种重要酶活性的影响。方法 在牛蛙消化道8个部位取样，采用冰冻切片和酶组织化学染色方法检测酶活性。选取酶活性较高的部位，用不同浓度的重金属溶液处理组织后检测重金属离子对酶活性的影响。结果 POX主要分布于直肠，Cd²⁺、Cu²⁺、Ni²⁺对其活性有不同程度抑制作用。NSE主要分布于十二指肠，Ni²⁺、Pb²⁺对其活性有显著抑制作用。SDH主要分布于胃体，其他部位酶活性较低，4种重金属对其活性都有显著抑制作用；相较于其他酶，SDH活性受影响程度更明显。ACP主要分布于胃幽门，Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺对其活性存在显著抑制作用。ALP主要分布在十二指肠，其它部位酶活性较低，Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺对其活性有显著抑制作用。ATPase主要分布于空肠，4种重金属都显著抑制其活性。结论 牛蛙消化道黏膜不同酶对重金属离子的敏感性不同，SDH对重金属离子的敏感性最高，ATPase活性亦受四种重金属离子的抑制作用，表明重金属离子会通过抑制牛蛙能量代谢的过程影响其消化吸收功能。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Pb²⁺ on the activities of 6 essential digestive enzymes, including peroxidase（POX）, nonspecific esterase（NSE）, succinate dehydrogenase（SDH）, acid phosphatase（ACP）, alkaline phosphatase（ALP） and adenosine triphosphatase（ATPase） in the digestive tract mucosa of bullfrog（Rana catesbiana）. Methods Samples were taken from 8 parts of the digestive tract of bullfrog, and the enzyme activity was detected by frozen section and enzyme histochemistry. The parts with the highest enzyme activity were selected and treated with different concentrations of heavy metal solution to detect the effects of heavy metal ions on enzyme activity. Results POX mainly distributed in rectum, and Cd²⁺, Cu²⁺ and Ni²⁺ inhibited its activity to varying degrees. NSE mainly distributed in duodenum, and Ni²⁺, Pb²⁺ significantly inhibited its activity. SDH is mainly distributed in the stomach, and the enzyme activity in other parts is low. All four heavy metals have significant inhibitory effects on its activity; compared with other enzymes, SDH activity was more significantly affected. ACP mainly distributed in gastric pylorus, and Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺ significantly inhibited its activity. ALP mainly distributed in duodenum, but the activity of ALP in other parts was low. Cu²⁺, Pb²⁺ significantly inhibited the activity of ALP. ATPase mainly distributed in jejunum, and its activity was significantly inhibited by four heavy metals. Conclusion SDH has the highest sensitivity to heavy metal ions, and ATPase activity is also inhibited by heavy metal ions,suggesting that heavy metal ions can affect the digestion and absorption of bullfrog by inhibiting energy metabolism.更多还原