【摘要】 助推策略在促进公众低碳行为方面具有效果佳且成本低的优势，但将其广泛运用到减碳政策中将引发公众对决策自主性可能被侵犯的担忧。助推型减碳政策要获得更高程度的公众支持，需要系统了解公众对助推型政策设计中多个属性的偏好。论文采用联合实验设计，从受益者、助推目标、公民社会参与、实施者、助推技术、透明性及替代技术这七个政策属性切入，分析了公众对助推型减碳政策的偏好，并使用机器学习方法探索了不同群体在助推型减碳政策偏好上的异质性。研究发现，公众偏好受益者为人类，助推目标为绿色出行及可持续电力消费行为，公民社会的参与以环保组织及大学与科研机构为代表，助推技术以运动式教育、积极框架与反馈策略为主，透明性高且用以取代税收政策的助推型减碳政策。公众对助推型减碳政策实施者属性中的四种类型无显著的偏好差异。不同文化世界观、不同气候变化风险感知的群体在助推型减碳政策偏好上具有较大差异。上述发现对助推型减碳政策的制定与推广有相应政策启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nudge strategies have the advantage of being an effective and low-cost means of promoting public low-carbon behavior. But their widespread use in decarbonization policies will raise public concerns about their infringement of decision-making autonomy. To gain a higher degree of public support,it is necessary to systematically understand the public’s preference for multiple attributes in the design of nudge-based decarbonization policies. Using a conjoined experimental design,the paper analyzes the public’s preference for nudge-based decarbonization policies from seven policy attributes,which include policy beneficiaries,nudge goals,civil society participation,policy implementers,nudge technologies,transparency,and alternative technologies. Using a machine learning approach,this paper also explores the heterogeneity of different groups in their preference for nudge-based decarbonization policies. Our findings indicate the public preferred nudge-based decarbonization policies with the following features: the policy beneficiaries are human beings; the nudge goals promote green commuting behavior and sustainable electricity consumption behavior; the policy process involves environmental protection organizations, universities and scientific research institutions; the nudge strategies are education campaign,positive framing,and feedback; the policy mechanism is highly transparent; and,the policy is used to replace tax policies. There was no significant difference in public preference for the four types of implementers of nudge-based decarbonization policies. Different cultural worldview groups and climate change risk perception groups vary greatly in their preference for nudgebased decarbonization policies. These findings provide policy implications for the design and promotion of nudge-based decarbonization policies.更多还原