【摘要】 当前多次波识别方法主观性较强，只能实现单点、单线的多次波识别，缺乏多次波的平面发育程度预测方法，难以满足地震处理和解释中对层间多次波识别精度的要求。本文基于速度谱上多次波和一次波的速度差异，提出了速度展度的概念，通过自动求取地震速度谱上能量团在速度横向上的宽度识别多次波。该方法采用图像分割技术对速度谱进行二值化处理，求取速度展度体，再利用属性切片实现多次波在平面上的识别和预测。在川中高石梯地区，对灯影组四段多次波平面发育程度进行了预测，预测结果和已知井的井震标定相关系数符合良好。实际应用表明，速度展度分析能够有效地识别和预测多次波干扰的发育程度，可用于地震处理中多次波压制处理监控，实现高质量的多次波压制处理；也可在地震解释中用于地震资料中多次波干扰评价，分析储层预测结果可靠性，降低开发勘探中井位部署的风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to its strong subjectivity, the current multiple recognition method can only identify multiples on single-point and single-line, and barely meets the accuracy requirements for the identification of internal multiples in seismic processing and interpretation. In this paper, based on the differences in the velocity spectrum of multiples and the primary wave, the concept of velocity spread is proposed and multiple waves are identified automatically by obtaining the lateral spread of energy clusters on the seismic velocity spectrum. Through this method, the velocity spectrum is binarized by image segmentation technology, the velocity spread is obtained, and then the identification and prediction of multiples on planation surfaces are realized by attribute slicing. In a 3 D seismic area of central Sichuan, the development degree of multiples in the fourth member of Dengying Formation is predicted, and the predicted results are in good agreement with the known wells. The practical results show that the proposed velocity-spread-analysis technology can quantitatively identify and predict multiples interference, overcome the deficiencies of the current multiples identification technology, and is complementary to the multiples identification and prediction method. This method can be used to monitor the multiples suppression effect in seismic processing and analyze the interference of multiples in the interpretation of seismic data. In addition, it’s helpful for evaluating the reliability of reservoir prediction results and reducing the risk of well location deployment during exploration.更多还原