【摘要】 为缓解高温环境下作业人员的热应激，利用高分子蓄冷材料设计降温服。通过模拟热环境(34℃),利用恒功率控制干态暖体假人，选择3个劳动强度水平(即20、200和300 W/m~2)和3个相对湿度水平(即20%、50%和80%)对该降温服的降温性能进行系统的研究。结果表明：该降温服能降低假人的皮肤温度，各部位皮肤温度最大降温梯度为3.4℃,最大初期降温速度为0.081℃/min;劳动强度对降温服的有效降温时长存在显著影响，在所选劳动强度下的躯干有效降温时长分别为大于420、165和102 min;相对湿度对降温服的降温梯度存在显著影响，在所选相对湿度水平下的躯干降温梯度分别为1.8、1.2和0.4℃。该蒸发型降温服降温过程缓和，无骤冷、过冷现象，适合中等劳动强度、中等相对湿度环境下穿着。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to migrate heat strain on workers in the heat, a cooling garment was designed using polymeric cooling storage materials. In a simulated hot environment(temperature 34 ℃), three levels of work intensity(20, 200, and 300 W/m~2) and three levels of relative humidity(20%, 50%, and 80%) were selected for systematically evaluating the cooling performance of the cooling garment utilizing dry thermal manikin controlled constant power. Results show that cooling garment is able to lower skin temperature, and for all local skin temperatures, the maximum cooling gradient is 3.4 ℃ and the maximum cooling rate is 0.081 ℃/min. Work intensity has a significant effect on effective cooling time, which for the torso under the selected work intensities were over 420, 165 and 102 min, respectively. Relative humidity has a significant effect on cooling gradient, and the cooling gradient of torso under the selected relative humidities were 1.8,1.2 and 0.4 ℃, respectively. Evaporative cooling garment has a mild cooling process, without sudden cooling and over cooling, which makes it suitable for wearing under moderate work intensity and moderate humidity conditions.更多还原