【摘要】 寒区隧道受多重因素影响容易发生渗水结冰现象，为研究该冰害形成原因和冰柱生长发育过程，将保健路隧道作为研究对象，利用现场监测和理论分析得出低温环境和水分入渗是导致冰害问题的主要原因。通过试验模拟冰柱生长发育过程，分析隧道、输电线路、桥梁等其他工程中相似的结冰现象，总结冰柱的生长形态和发育规律。结果表明：冰柱垂直生长速度远大于横向生长速度，后续水流沿着冰面呈规律性向下滴落，促成平均直径上大下小的生长形态；通过建立平衡方程，推算冰柱可能发育的最大长度，发现热通量、供水率是影响冰体尺寸的重要参数。依据上述现场调查和模拟试验所得结论，不仅可为隧道冰柱形成原因做出理论分析，也对类似工程实际具有指导意义，为隧道冰害防治提供新的研究思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 The tunnel in cold region is prone to water seepage and frost heaving under the influence of multiple factors.In order to analyze the reasons of ice damage and the growth and development process of icicles, the tunnel of Health Road is taken as the research object. Through on-site monitoring and theoretical analysis, it is concluded that low temperature environment and water infiltration are the main causes of ice damage. The growth and development process of icicles is simulated by experiments, the similar icing phenomena in tunnels, transmission lines, bridges and other projects are analyzed, and the growth morphology and development rules of icicles are summarized. The results show that the vertical growth rate of icicle is much higher than that of lateral growth, and the subsequent flow drips down regularly along the ice surface, which contributes to the growth pattern with large average diameter and small average diameter. By establishing the equilibrium equation and calculating the maximum length of icicle, it is found that heat flux and water supply rate are important parameters affecting the size of ice body. According to the conclusions of the above field investigation and simulation test, it can not only make a theoretical analysis of the causes of tunnel icicle formation, but also have guiding significance for similar projects, and provide new research ideas for tunnel ice damage prevention and control.更多还原