【摘要】 2008年金融危机加剧了美国的相对衰落，并导致了右翼民粹主义的崛起。在此背景下，长期坚持自由贸易的新自由主义政策和意识形态在美国急剧转向了以贸易保护和本国利益至上为主要特点的保守新自由主义。保守新自由主义是金融危机之后美国新自由主义的延续和调整，是美国金融资本向国内普通民众和国际社会转嫁危机而采取的一种特殊的新自由主义形式。在它的主导下，美国的气候政策的实用主义和经济主导的趋向得到进一步强化，主要体现在：市场主导，反对气候监管；环境种族主义和环境中产化；政治极化和气候政策分歧加剧；气候政策更加倒退。长期来看，保守新自由主义延续了美国气候政策的新自由主义立场，加剧了全球生态危机，成为美国内部社会分化与冲突的导火索，并促进了能源地缘政治的复兴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The financial crisis in 2008 intensified the relative decline of the United States and led to the rise of right-wing populism. In this context,the neoliberal policy and ideology based on free trade has turned sharply to reactionary neoliberalism characterized by trade protection and the supremacy of U. S. national interests. Reactionary neoliberalism is the continuation and adjustment of US neoliberalism after the financial crisis. It is a special form of neoliberalism that US financial capital transfers the crisis to the domestic grassroots and the international society. Under the influence of reactionary neoliberalism,the pragmatism and economic priority of U. S. climate policy will be strengthened,mainly embodied in the aspects as follows: market domination,opposing climate regulation; environmental racism and environmental gentrification; deepening political polarization and climate policy divergence; and regression on climate policy. In the long run,reactionary neoliberalism will continue the neoliberal climate policy,intensify the global ecological crisis,become the fuse of social differentiation and conflict in the U. S.,and promote the revival of energy geopolitics.更多还原