【摘要】 重金属污染是21世纪面临的最紧迫的环境问题。土壤中过量的重金属会抑制植物的生长，造成生产力的下降，同时还会经食物链传递给人类和动物，威胁生态安全和生命健康。脱落酸（ABA）是一种重要的植物非生物胁迫诱导激素，在植物生长发育和应对各种逆境胁迫中起调节作用。近年来大量的研究发现，外源ABA能缓解重金属对植物的胁迫，改善植物重金属耐受性。其机制包括，调控植物对重金属的吸收和积累，改善重金属对植物光合系统的损伤，参与胁迫下植物细胞抗氧化系统的平衡，影响植物组织中其他激素的水平，以及胁迫下植物的营养元素吸收和平衡。在分子层面上，ABA通过调控ABA响应基因，特别是调控相关转录因子和载体蛋白基因的表达，实现对植物各种生理生化过程的再平衡，提高对重金属胁迫的耐受性。更多还原

【Abstract】 Heavy metal pollution is the most urgent environmental problem in the 21st century. Excessive heavy metals in soils will inhibit plant growth, resulting in the decline of productivity, and will also be transmitted to humans and animals through the food chain, threatening ecological safety and life health. Abscisic acid(ABA) is an important abiotic stress hormone in plants, which plays key regulatory roles in plant growth and development and response to various stresses. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that exogenous application of ABA can alleviate the stress of heavy metals on plants and improve plant tolerance to heavy metals. Many studies have revealed the multiple mechanisms underlying ABA regulation of plant heavy metal tolerance. Under heavy metal stress, ABA can affect the absorption and accumulation of heavy metals in plants, alleviate the damage of heavy metals to the photosynthetic system, regulate the homeostasis of cell antioxidant systems, interact and cross-talk with other hormones in plant tissues, and control the absorption and balance of nutrients. At the molecular level, ABA can retrim various physiological and biochemical processes and regulate ABA-responsive genes, especially heavy metal-responsive transcription factor-and transporter protein-coding genes, leading to the improvement of heavy metal tolerance.更多还原