【摘要】 微型激光器具有体型小、光束质量高、激光亮度强和响应速度快等优点，在军事、医疗和通信等领域展现出极大的应用潜力。增益介质作为微型激光器的核心部分，是一类具有放大自发辐射特性的材料。其本身的放大自发辐射特性对激光器性能起着至关重要的作用，直接影响微型激光器的阈值、激光能量、稳定性和波长调谐性等性能。近年来，各种新型具有放大自发辐射性能的材料被相继开发，并在各类微型激光器中崭露头角。本文首先介绍激光器中增益介质的放大自发辐射工作原理；然后系统综述微型激光器用各类光学增益介质的特性及不同模式谐振腔产生激光的研究现状，指出目前这些材料所存在的问题，并提出解决策略；最后对其未来发展进行展望，以期对微型激光器的研发有所裨益。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the advantages of small size,high beam quality,strong laser brightness and fast response speed,microlasers show great application potential in military,medical,communication and other fields. As a core part of microlaser,the gain medium is a kind of material with amplified spontaneous emission ability,which plays an important role in laser properties and directly affects the threshold,laser energy,stability and wavelength tuning performance of microlaser. In recent years,various advanced materials with amplifying spontaneous emission property have been developed,and they have emerged in various microlasers. In this review,the working principle of the amplified spontaneous emission for the gain medium in the laser was firstly introduced. Secondly,the characteristics of optical gain media for microlasers and the research status of laser from different modes of optical resonators were systematically summarized. Finally,the current problems and solutions of amplified spontaneous emission materials were put forward,and the future development was prospected. This review will be beneficial to the research and development of microlasers.更多还原