【摘要】 软硬酸碱规则是Lewis酸碱理论的重要组成部分，目前主要依赖经验描述。本文通过大学本科学生熟知的分子轨道理论对“硬亲硬、软亲软”经验规则背后的原因进行分析，发现“硬亲硬、软亲软”分别对应于离子键和共价键，并用实例说明该方法可以解释无机物的结构和性质。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hard and soft acid and base(HSAB) theory is the main component of Lewis acid and base theory. The interaction between acid and base relies strongly on empirical rules. In this work, we try to reveal the nature behind those empirical rules using molecular orbital theory, which most chemistry-major students understand. It is found that the chemical bonds between hard acids and hard bases are mainly ionic, while soft acids mainly form covalent bonds with soft bases. It is also illustrated that this method can be conveniently used to solve the structure and reaction problems in inorganic chemistry.更多还原