【摘要】 近年来，我国不断加快的城市化进程加大了各级城市对地下空间的利用需求.因此，探明城市地下空间，对城市的快速发展至关重要.在国家与社会对城市施工更安全、更环保的作业要求下，炸药等地球物理勘探的传统震源已经无法继续满足在城市内完成地下空间探测任务的需求.为了探寻可供城市勘探使用的新型震源，2017年12月14—15日，我们在南京市区的羊山公园内，开展了大陆气枪震源在城市中的首次试验.本次试验采用容量为4.1 L的气枪震源，结果显示其在城市小规模水体中激发的脉冲信号处于25～35 Hz频段内，振荡信号处于4～7 Hz频段内，信号可重复性与信噪比极高，可对半径2.5 km范围内的城市地下空间进行有效探测，试验过程不对城市运行与居民生活造成影响.大陆气枪震源在城市中的成功试验，突破了在城市内开展传统地球物理探测的限制，可有效满足对地下空间探测的技术需求，在我国城区水体规模庞大的背景下，大陆气枪震源有望成为解决未来城市地下空间探测的关键技术.更多还原

【Abstract】 The rapid urbanization in China, which soared to 63.89% and increased by 30% in the past two decades, has boosted the demand for underground space utilization in the ever-expanding cities. Thus, the exploration of urban underground space is a critical prerequisite for the security of urban development. Out of the concern for public safety and environmental protection in the populated urban area, traditional seismic sources in geophysical exploration like dynamite are no longer suitable for underground exploration in cities. To find an environmental-friendly seismic source for urban exploration, we performed a seismic airgun experiment in Yangshanhu lake, a small water body located in an urban park of Nanjing. This experiment is the first of its kind in a populated city environment. The results revealed that the 4.1 L volume seismic airgun could generate pulse signals with dominant frequencies between 25 Hz and 35 Hz and oscillation signals in the frequency band between 4 Hz and 7 Hz, with high repeatability and signal-noise ratio. The fectiveradius of this small-volume seismic airgun can reach 2.5 km, and the ground movement during the experiment did not affect city functions and the life of residents. The successful experiment of the seismic airgun in a small waterbody validates its inland usage and satisfies the needs of prospecting urban exploration. Considering the unprecedented scale of urban water areas in China, the seismic airgun technique can become one of the key technologies for urban underground space exploration in the future.更多还原