【摘要】 海水声速变化引起的声波折射效应是影响海洋大地基准定位精度的关键因素之一，声线跟踪是已知准确声速剖面情况下消除折射效应的有效方法.然而现有的水声测距定位解算广泛基于收发同置假设，即认为声波的往返路径和测量载体的位置在较短的观测时延内不会发生变化，导致海洋大地基准的深海定位结果引入较大误差.针对上述问题，提出了顾及收发分置影响的海洋大地基准声线跟踪定位方法，基于往返时延差最小原则结合常梯度声线跟踪搜索得到目标最优坐标，进一步提出了基于声线距离分配往返时延的牛顿迭代解算法以提高计算效率，最后通过深海试验证明了顾及收发分置影响的海洋大地基准声线跟踪定位方法的有效性.更多还原

【Abstract】 The refraction artifacts of sound waves caused by the change of sound velocity is one of the key factors affecting the accuracy of marine geodetic datum positioning, and sound ray tracing is an effective method to eliminate the refraction artifacts when the accurate sound velocity profile is known. However, the existing underwater acoustic ranging and positioning solutions are widely based on the assumption of the co-located transceiver, that is, the round-trip path of acoustic waves and the position of the measuring carrier will not change within a short observation time delay, which leads to a large error in the deep-sea marine geodetic datum positioning. In order to solve the above problems, a sound ray tracing positioning method for marine geodetic datum considering the effect of transceiver separation is proposed. Based on the constant gradient sound ray tracing method, the optimal target coordinates can be obtained by searching according to the principle of minimum round-trip delay difference. A Newton iterative solution algorithm based on round-trip time assignment according to sound distance is proposed to improve the computational efficiency. The deep-sea test proves the effectiveness of the sound ray tracing positioning method for marine geodetic datum considering the effect of transceiver separation.更多还原