【摘要】 基于颗粒力学行为及表面能对其沉积影响的分析，探究了颗粒沉积机理并提出了其沉积条件；建立了光伏组件积灰数值模型，通过相同条件下试验与模拟结果的对比验证了该模拟方法的合理性。在此基础上，模拟分析了粒径、风速和安装倾角对组件表面积灰量的影响。结果表明：相同条件下，10μm颗粒的积灰量最大，且当安装倾角大于30°时，积灰量与粒径呈负相关变化；粒径为30μm时，积灰量随安装倾角的增大近似呈线性减少，且当安装倾角由15°增大至60°时，可使风速为7 m/s时的积灰量减少约2.3 g/m~2,其降低率约为52.4%;随着风速的增大，积灰量近似呈“V”形变化；污秽粒径不大于30μm且年平均风速约3 m/s的地区可能更适合建设光伏电站，且适当增大安装倾角有助于降低积灰量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Particle deposition mechanism was investigated and deposition condition was proposed based on the analysis of the forces of dust particles and the surface energy effect on particle deposition. The dust accumulation numerical model of PV(photovoltaic) modules was established. The rationality of the deposition model was verified by comparing the simulation and experimental results under the same conditions. On that basis, the effects of particle size, wind speed and tilt angle on the dust deposition amount of the PV module surfaces were analyzed. Results show that the deposition amount of 10 μm particles is the largest under the same conditions, and the dust accumulation is negatively correlated with particle size when the tilt angle is greater than 30°. Furthermore, the deposition of 30 μm particles on the module surfaces decreases approximately linearly with increasing tilt angle. Besides, when the tilt angle increases from 15° to 60°, the dust deposition amount can be reduced by about 2.3 g/m~2 when the wind speed is 7 m/s, and the reduction rate is approximately 52.4%. The dust accumulation exhibits an approximate V-shaped changing pattern with increasing wind speed. An area with dust particle size less than 30 μm and annual average wind speed of about 3 m/s may be suitable for constructing the PV power plants. Additionally, appropriately increasing tilt angle is beneficial to reduce the accumulated dust.更多还原