【摘要】 以1年生云曼红豆杉实生容器苗为材料，设置不施肥对照（CK）以及不同施肥量的平均施肥（AF1、AF2）、指数施肥（EF1、EF2、EF3和EF4）等7个处理，测定不同施肥方式和施肥量下苗木各时期活性成分10-DAB含量、生长量、枝叶生物量和10-DAB累积量，以及各部位N、P和K养分累积情况，探究施肥方式及施肥量对云曼红豆杉幼苗活性成分10-DAB及养分累积的影响，为云曼红豆杉苗期养分精准调控与高效培育提供理论和实践依据。结果表明：（1）施肥显著提高了幼苗枝叶中10-DAB含量，促进了生长及枝叶生物量累积（P<0.05）;在相同施氮量下，指数施肥处理枝叶生物量显著大于平均施肥（P<0.05）,枝叶中10-DAB含量以EF2、EF3处理较高，生长和枝叶生物量以EF2处理最大。（2）EF2处理的枝叶10-DAB累积量显著大于其他处理（P<0.05）,并表现为：EF2>EF1> AF2> EF3> AF1> EF4> CK,EF2处理分别较AF1和AF2处理提高30.61%～41.94%和18.14%～25.00%。（3）施肥对幼苗各部位N、P和K含量的影响显著（P<0.05）;在相同施氮量下，指数施肥各部位的N、P和K含量均优于平均施肥；指数施肥处理中，根系中的N含量以及各器官K含量随施肥量增加而上升，各部位P含量以及茎和叶中N含量随施肥量增加先上升后下降；各处理N、P和K分配比例呈现出叶>根>茎规律。幼苗各器官中N与P、P与K以及根、叶中的N与K之间均表现出显著（P<0.05）正相关，呈现出协同关系。（4）云曼红豆杉幼苗的10-DAB累积量在9～10月份最高，此时采收可获得的10-DAB累积量最高，收益也最大。研究发现，指数施肥与平均施肥相比有效提高了云曼红豆杉苗木活性成分10-DAB及养分累积，并以施肥量为1 600 mg·株^-1的苗木各指标表现较优。更多还原

【Abstract】 Seven treatments including control（CK）, average fertilization（AF1, AF2）, exponential fertilization（EF1, EF2, EF3 and EF4） were applied to the one-year-old container seedlings of Taxus madia × T. yunnanensis ‘Yunman’（YM）. The active component 10-DAB, growth, shoot biomass and 10-DAB accumulation, as well as the N, P and K accumulation in different organs were measured under different fertilization methods and rates. The effects of different fertilization methods and fertilization amounts on 10-DAB and nutrient accumulation of YM seedlings were studied. The results provide a theoretical and practical basis for precise regulation of nutrients and efficient cultivation of YM in seedling stage. The results showed that:（1） fertilization significantly increased the content of 10-DAB in the branches and leaves of seedlings and promoted the growth and biomass accumulation of branches and leaves（P<0.05）. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the branch and leaf biomass of exponential fertilization was significantly higher than that of average fertilization（P<0.05）. The content of 10-DAB in branches and leaves was higher in EF2 and EF3 treatments, and the growth and branch and leaf biomass were the largest in EF2 treatment.（2） The accumulation of 10-DAB in exponential fertilization EF2 treatment was significantly higher than that in other treatments（P<0.05）. The order was EF2 > EF1 > AF2 > EF3 > AF1 > EF4 > CK. Exponential fertilization EF2 was 30.61%-41.94% higher than average fertilization AF1 and 18.14%-25.00% higher than average fertilization AF2.（3） The effects of fertilization on the contents of N, P and K in all parts of seedlings reached a significant level（P<0.05）. Under the same nitrogen application rate, the contents of N, P and K in each part of exponential fertilization were better than that of average fertilization. In exponential fertilization, the N content in roots and K content in each part increased with the increase of fertilization, while the N content in stems and leaves and P content in all parts, first increased and then decreased with the increase of fertilization. The distribution ratio of N, P and K showed the rule of leaf > root > stem. N and P, P and K in all parts of seedlings and N and K in roots and leaves showed significant（P<0.05） positive correlation, which was a synergistic relationship.（4） The accumulation of 10-DAB in YM is the highest from September to October. At this time, the accumulation of 10-DAB available for harvesting is the highest and the income is the largest. The study found that compared with conventional fertilization, exponential fertilization could increase the contents of 10-DAB and the accumulation of nutrients in YM seedlings, and the amount of fertilizer applied was 1 600 mg·plant^-1.更多还原