【摘要】 针对地震时基于计算机视觉的隔震支座位移测量特点，即相机在地震时位置不固定，且难以追踪相机各时刻的运动位姿，本文提出一种基于视觉的隔震支座动态位移测量方法，该方法无需额外追踪相机位姿，沿建筑轴线两个正交方向分别设置相机，在隔震支座上下连接板处设置双标靶，相机光轴与标靶平面相互垂直，对每帧图像用比例因子法确定物象关系，则各时刻两标靶的相对位移就是隔震支座位移。用一个LRB500隔震支座的基本力学性能试验对提出的方法进行验证。结果表明：无论相机运动还是固定，该方法得到的隔震支座水平位移时程与位移计得到的结果几乎完全一致；相机运动比相机固定的测量误差要大，但与位移计测量的结果相比，水平和竖向位移峰值的绝对误差均小于1 mm，说明提出的方法可进行隔震支座长期荷载及地震作用下的位移监测。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the visual measurement characteristics of the isolation bearing during an earthquake, that is,the camera will move during an earthquake, and it is inconvenient to track the camera pose. This paper proposes a dynamic displacement measurement method of the isolated bearing based on computer vision without additional tracking of the camera movement. The proposed approach is that two cameras in the orthogonal horizontal directions are used respectively, the targets are set at the top and the bottom of the connected plates of isolated bearing, the optical axis of the camera and the target plane are perpendicular to each other, and the scale factor method is used to calibrate the camera in each direction and time, the deformations of isolated bearing are obtained by measuring the difference between the center coordinates of the top target and these of the bottom target. The method is verified by the mechanical performance test of LRB500 isolation bearing. Whether the camera is moving or fixed, the results show that the horizontal displacement time history obtained by this method is almost identical with that obtained by the displacement meter; and the error of the camera movement is larger than that of the fixed camera, but both the absolute error of the peak value of the horizontal displacement and that of vertical displacement are all less than 1mm. It shows that the method proposed can effectively complete the displacement measurement of isolated bearings under earthquake and long term load.更多还原