【摘要】 本试验旨在研究水热处理对黄豆秸秆体外发酵、甲烷生成及微生物的影响。黄豆秸秆经水热处理后,利用全自动体外模拟瘤胃发酵系统发酵72 h,评估化学成分变化、降解特性、发酵参数、产气参数及微生物区系。结果表明:水热处理降低黄豆秸秆中性洗涤纤维(P<0.001)、酸性洗涤纤维(P<0.001)及半纤维素(P<0.001)含量,提高中性洗涤可溶物(P<0.001)、水溶性碳水化合物(P<0.001)、阿拉伯糖(P<0.001)及半乳糖(P<0.001)含量;水热处理提高黄豆秸秆干物质消失率(P<0.001)和发酵液挥发性脂肪酸浓度(P<0.05),降低乙酸/丙酸(P<0.001)、甲烷(P<0.001)与氢气产量(P<0.001)及真菌(P<0.01)、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌(P<0.05)和产甲烷菌(P<0.05)数量。结果显示:水热处理可破坏黄豆秸秆纤维素-半纤维素-木质素结构,增加中性洗涤可溶物含量,促进瘤胃降解,并减少真菌和产甲烷菌的数量,降低甲烷产量。更多还原

【Abstract】 The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hydrothermal treatment on in vitro fermentation,methanogenesis and microbiota of soybean straw. The chemical compositions,the degradation characteristics,the fermentation parameters and the microbial flora were estimated for the soybean straws with and without hydrothermal treatment using an automatic ruminal fermentation system with 72 h of incubation. It was found that:The hydrothermal treatment reduced the concentrations of neutral detergent fiber(P<0. 001),acid detergent fiber(P<0. 001)and hemicellulose(P<0. 001)in the soybean straw,and increased the concentrations of neutral detergent soluble fiber(P<0. 001),water soluble carbohydrates(P<0. 001),arabinose(P<0. 001) and galactose(P<0. 001). The hydrothermal treatment increased dry matter degradability(P<0. 001) and volatile fatty acid concentration(P<0. 05),and decreased the acetate:propionate concentration(P<0. 001),the gas production of methane(P<0. 001)and hydrogen(P<0. 001)and the populations of fungi(P<0. 01),methanogenic bacteria(P<0. 05)and Fibrobacter succinogenes(P<0. 05). The results indicate that the hydrothermal treatment disrupted the cellulose-hemicellulose-lignin structural matrix of soybean straw,thereby increasing the soluble matter content,improving the ruminal degradation,leading to reduction in the number of fungi and methanogens,and decreased methane production.更多还原