【摘要】 长江三角洲圩区的快速城市化加剧了该地区的洪涝灾害，亟需对传统圩田景观系统的空间组织法则及其未来的保护和转型策略进行探讨。采用类型学方法对圩田景观的形态生成、类型及其适应性转型进行解析，研究发现：公元八世纪至今，圩田景观系统经历了从大圩体系的解体、小圩体系的合并与标准化到城市化的三次重大空间转型，圩田系统的体量、标准化程度、水系的连通性及可渗透下垫面的面积共同决定了其洪涝适应性；以圩田基本形态和水利技术为分类标准可识别五类圩田景观，不同圩田类型是适应特定时期社会生产力、生产方式和水利技术的产物；将圩田景观系统作为未来区域发展的永久性结构和水管理系统，可在重塑地域特色的同时提高三角洲的洪涝适应性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rapid urbanization of polder areas in the Yangtze River Delta has aggravated the flood disaster in this region. It is urgent to explore the principles of spatial organization of the traditional polder landscape systems, as well as the future protection and transformation strategies for them. This study uses a typological method to interpret and analyze the morphogenesis, typology, and adaptive transformations of the polder landscape. It is observed that since the 8 th century, the polder landscape systems have experienced three major spatial transformations from the collapse of the big polder system, polder mergence and standardization, to urbanization. The flood adaptability of a polder system is determined by its size, degree of standardization, connectivity of water networks, and the area of permeable surface. Five types of polder landscape can be identified by taking the basic forms of polders and the applied hydraulic techniques as the criteria for classification. Different types of polders are adaptive outcomes of the social productivity, production modes and hydraulic techniques at certain periods. The renewal of the polder landscape as permanent structure and water management system for future regional development can reshape regional identity and improve the flood adaption of the delta.更多还原