【摘要】 为研究在役设备的材料强度与韧性测试评价问题，针对工程中常用材料45钢，采用连续球压痕方法，获取了材料的屈服强度、抗拉强度与断裂韧性，通过与常规力学性能试验结果比较，对该方法的可靠性进行了验证。通过研究球压头下压产生的塑性功，与冲击启裂能及断裂韧性之间的关联关系，建立基于仪器化球压痕测试技术的冲击韧性估算评估方法。试验结果表明，利用连续球压痕方法获取的屈服强度、抗拉强度与实际结果的偏差均小于10%,断裂韧性值与试验结果的偏差为12.3%,计算结果在试验值偏差数据范围内。利用连续球压痕技术，建立的断裂韧性与冲击韧性之间的关联公式，所预测的冲击韧性结果与仪器化冲击试验值具有较好的一致性，为在役设备材料的韧性快速评价提供了有效的测试方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to study the testing and evaluation of material strength and toughness of in-service equipment, the continuous ball indentation method is used to obtain the yield strength, tensile strength and fracture toughness of 45 steel, which is commonly used in engineering. The reliability of the method was verified by comparing the results with those of the conventional mechanical property test. By studying the relationship between the plastic work produced by the downward pressure of the ball head and the impact crack initiation energy and fracture toughness, the impact toughness estimation method based on instrumented ball indentation test technology is established. The results show that the deviations between the yield strength and tensile strength obtained by the continuous ball indentation method and the actual results are less than 10%, and the deviation between the fracture toughness value and the experimental result is 12.3%. The calculated results are all within the acceptable deviations of experimental values. Based on the correlation formula between fracture toughness and impact toughness established by continuous ball indentation technique, the predicted impact toughness results are in good agreement with the values from the instrumented impact test. This provides an effective method for rapid evaluation of toughness of in-service equipment materials.更多还原