【摘要】 针对KeaTrader在杜兰德礁触底事故，本文提出简化物理模型，通过水池模型试验对波浪在礁盘上的演化、坐礁船总体波浪载荷进行研究，并基于合田波压修正公式计算得到坐礁船波浪载荷幅值。波浪从礁盘边缘斜坡往礁盘顶部传播过程中，波高增大，波峰变陡，直至发生破碎，礁盘顶部两侧波浪破碎比中部更早，同时礁盘顶部逐渐形成圆弧形波浪。随着入射波陡增大，礁盘顶部波浪破碎更明显，礁盘中心区域波高降低更显著；同时，试验得到的横向和垂向波浪载荷均表现出先减小后增大的趋势，通过力平衡分析发现坐礁船可能发生滑动。最后以坐礁船波浪载荷试验结果为基准，通过与基于合田波压修正公式的计算结果比较，建立了一种快速估算坐礁船波浪载荷的方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Inspired by the accident of Kea Trader grounding on the Durand Reef, a simplified physical model was proposed, and the wave basin model test was carried out to study the wave propagation over the reef and the wave load on the ship sitting on the reef. The wave load amplitude of the bottom-sitting ship was also calculated based on the extended Goda formula. As the wave propagated from the reef slope to the reef top, the wave height increased and the wave crest became steeper, finally the wave broke. Along the direction perpendicular to incident wave, the wave breaking on both sides of the reef top occurred earlier than that in the middle. Along with the wave propagation over the submerged reef, the wave crest line of circular arc type was gradually formed on the reef top. With the increase of the wave steepness of the incident wave, the wave breaking at the reef top became more obvious, and the wave height in the center of the reef became smaller,however, the transverse and vertical wave loads on the bottom-sitting ship decreased firstly and then increased. The balance of forces acting on the bottom-sitting ship was analyzed, and it was found that the ship might slip on the reef. Finally, a fast method to estimate the wave load of the bottom-sitting ship was established by comparing the measured results from the model test with the calculated results based on the extended Goda formula.更多还原