【摘要】 目的 探究典型空间环境因素对涂层型自润滑关节轴承寿命的影响。方法 通过非平衡磁控溅射技术在GE17型关节轴承表面沉积了H-DLC（含氢类金刚石）薄膜，并使用自主研发的关节轴承磨损试验机，分别在大气、真空、原子氧侵蚀、紫外辐照4种环境下，对关节轴承进行了全寿命试验，通过扫描电子显微镜和白光三维轮廓仪等仪器，对关节轴承内外圈磨痕进行了表征。结果 在不同环境下关节轴承磨损过程中的摩擦扭矩信号和摩擦面温度信号都可以作为轴承磨损失效的物理信号，但是温度信号的突变点要早于扭矩信号；在大气、真空、原子氧侵蚀、紫外辐照4种环境下，关节轴承平均磨损寿命分别为87.48、30.55、17.06、29.37h，轴承在4种环境下都主要发生黏着磨损和磨粒磨损，在原子氧侵蚀后的轴承还存在一定的氧化磨损。此外，轴承内圈磨损比轴承外圈更加严重，轴承外圈更容易吸附大量球状磨屑。结论 真空环境导致轴承内外圈产生的摩擦热不能快速排出，因此轴承摩擦接触面温度较高，H-DLC薄膜性能下降，导致轴承磨损寿命大幅度降低，原子氧侵蚀会导致H-DLC薄膜部分氧化分解，在原子氧侵蚀后轴承磨损寿命进一步降低，而紫外辐照对轴承磨损寿命影响不大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Self-lubricating joint bearings have replaced traditional ball bearings in some weapons and equipment,aerospace,large water conservancy equipment and other fields because of their strong load-bearing capacity,simple structure,no regular lubrication,high reliability and other advantages.In recent years,with the rapid development of aerospace technology,aerospace vehicles have increasingly high performance requirements for self-lubricating joint bearings.At present,a type of self-lubricating joint bearings with self-lubricating coating as wear-reducing lubricating material has attracted the attention of researchers and has been extensively researched.In this study,the GE17 type joint bearing produced by Fujian Longxi Bearing Co.,Ltd.is used as the research object.The self-lubricating material is selected as hydrogen-containing diamond-like film,and the preparation process is non-equilibrium magnetron sputtering technology,and the inner and outer rings of the bearing are coated separately,and then the inner and outer rings of the bearing are assembled together by professional equipment.The self-lubricating joint bearing wear life test device is used with MSTS-1 multi-functional vacuum friction and wear tester to realize the wear life test of self-lubricating joint bearing with coupled space environment factors.The full-life wear test was conducted in four environments:atmosphere,vacuum,atomic oxygen erosion and ultraviolet irradiation,respectively,during which the vacuum was no greater than 10^-4 Pa,the atomic oxygen and ultraviolet test parameters were:atomic oxygen energy 5 eV,flux density≥2.0×10¹⁵ atoms/（cm²·s）,ultraviolet irradiation intensity 5 solar constants,and irradiation time 12 h.The measured the operating parameters of the bearings were:oscillation angle±15°,oscillation frequency of 2 Hz,radial load of 150 N.At the end of the test,the wear marks of the inner and outer rings of the joint bearings with wear loss under different environments were characterized by means of a swept electron microscope and a white light three-dimensional profiler.It was found that both the friction torque signal and the friction surface temperature signal during the wear process of the joint bearing in different environments can be used as the physical signal of the bearing wear loss,but the abrupt change point of the temperature signal is earlier than the torque signal;the average wear life of the joint bearing in the four environments of atmosphere,vacuum,atomic oxygen erosion and UV irradiation were 87.48 h,30.55 h,17.06 h and 29.37 h.Adhesive wear and abrasive wear mainly occurred in all four environments,and some oxidation wear also existed in the bearings after atomic oxygen erosion.In addition,the inner ring of the bearing wears more seriously than the outer ring of the bearing,and the outer ring of the bearing is more likely to adsorb a large amount of spherical abrasive chips.Therefore,it is concluded that the frictional heat generated by the inner and outer rings of the bearing cannot be discharged quickly due to the vacuum environment,so the temperature of the frictional contact surface of the bearing is higher and the performance of the H-DLC film decreases,which leads to a significant decrease in the bearing wear life.UV irradiation has little effect on bearing wear life.更多还原