【摘要】 目的 分析注意缺陷多动障碍（attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, ADHD）儿童在数字划消测试中的时空特征。方法 随机抽取被诊断为ADHD的54名儿童作为实验组，另选取与实验组儿童性别、年龄相匹配的54名健康儿童作为对照组。获取2组儿童在数字划消测试中的时空特征指标（包括注意力指数、划消准确度、划消速度、视觉搜索策略指数、视觉运动整合指数、多划指数）以及传统评定指标净分（net score, NS）。通过组间差异分析和受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve, ROC曲线）分析，判定这些时空特征指标是否比传统评定指标的性能更佳。结果 与NS相比，注意力指数和多划指数的组间差异更加显著（P<0.000 1），并能更好地鉴别ADHD。划消准确度、注意力指数、多划指数这三个指标能区分性别对组间差异的影响（P<0.05），但NS则无法区分性别对组间差异的影响（P> 0.05）。结论 利用智能数字划消测试工具的快速认知评估方法（只需2 min），可获得数字划消测试的时空特征指标。时空特征指标具有比传统的评定指标更佳的性能，且具备用于ADHD患儿早期筛查的潜力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the spatiotemporal features in number cancellation test( NCT) for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder( ADHD). Methods A total of 54 children diagnosed with ADHD were randomly selected as the experimental group( ADHD group), while 54 healthy children with matched gender and age were chosen as the control group( HC group). First, we measured and obtained the spatiotemporal features( including attention index, cancellation accuracy, cancellation speed, visual search strategy, visual motor integration, and multi-cancellation index) and traditional evaluation index( net score, NS) of children from the ADHD group and HC group during the NCT. Then, through the statistical analysis of group-difference and receiver operating characteristic curve( ROC curve) analyses, we tested whether these spatiotemporal features had better performance than traditional evaluation index. Results Compared with the NS, two indexes( attention index and multi-cancellation index) had more significant group-difference(P<0.000 1), and obtained better performance in distinguishing ADHD children from healthy ones. In addition, the three indexes( cancellation accuracy, attention index, and multi-cancellation index) could distinguish the influence of gender on group-difference( P<0.05), but the NS could not( P>0.05). Conclusion This paper proposed a rapid cognitive evaluation method( the whole test was completed within 2 min), which measured the spatiotemporal features in the NCT. Findings verified that the spatiotemporal features may obtain better performance than the traditional evaluation index( NS), and would have the potential for early screening of children with ADHD.更多还原