【摘要】 [目的]探究我国4大主产地板栗坚果贮运损耗与加工质地的不同，为各地工厂采收和加工提供理论基础和指导意义。[方法]通过对我国4个板栗主产地的坚果进行抽样，对其失水风干损耗率、浮水率、总糖、总出仁率、生产成本以及口感风味等进行测定。[结果]通过测定，发现迁西板栗入库30 d后浮水率、感官品质、风味等各项指标都很优秀，其加工期可以延后3～5个月。莒南板栗各项指标仅次于迁西板栗，在入库后2～3个月内完成加工最佳。隆林板栗的风耗和浮水率已经发展，并在以后持续增长，在入库后1～2个月内完成加工最好。罗田板栗各项指标相对较低，应该在入库30 d内全部完成去壳加工，以达到最大程度止损。[结论]板栗收获时应分析当地近期降雨量和气温，检测板栗浮水率，综合各项指标及板栗类型，合理确定收购量及贮存加工时间。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective]To explore the difference of storage and transportation loss and processing texture of Chinese chestnut in four major production areas in China, so as to provide theoretical basis and guiding significance for harvesting and processing in local factories.[Method]Based on the sampling of chestnut from four major production areas in China, the air loss, floating rate, total sugar, total rate of kernel product, the cost of production, taste and flavor were determined.[Result]Through the determination, the results showed that the indexes of floating water, sensory quality and flavor of Qianxi Chestnut were excellent, and the processing period of Qianxi Chestnut could be delayed 3-5 months.The indexes of Ju’nan Chestnut are second only to Qianxi Chestnut, and the processing is the best in the next 2-3 months.Longlin Chestnut’s wind consumption and floating water rate have developed and will continue to grow in the future, so it is the best to finish processing in the next 1-2 months.All the indexes of Luotian Chestnut are relatively low, so it is necessary to complete the shelling process within 30 days after warehousing, so as to stop the loss to the greatest extent.[Conclusion]During the harvest of Chinese chestnut, the local recent rainfall and air temperature should be analyzed, the floating rate, various indexes and types of Chinese chestnut should be integrated, and the storage and processing time should be determined reasonably.更多还原