【摘要】 将粒用高粱品种忻粱52和苏丹草品系美引-251杂交,对F₂代群体的穗长、穗重、百粒重、着壳率通过主-多基因分析方法进行数量遗传分析,得到最适遗传模型。结果表明,穗长符合Model A₀,是由微效多基因控制的数量遗传性状,穗重、百粒重、着壳率均符合Model B₁,且受两对主基因控制,属于加性-显性-上位性混合遗传模型,主基因遗传率分别为66.81%、40.37%、89.11%,由此可知穗重和着壳率遗传率较高,受环境影响较小且可稳定遗传;而百粒重遗传率较低,所以该性状易受环境的影响,应在高代进行选育。通过对群体各产量性状的测量和数据分析,以及估算各性状主基因遗传率,为今后高粱育种工作提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xinliang 52,a grain sorghum cultivar, was crossed with Meiyin-251,a Sudanese grass strain.Quantitative genetic analysis of the panicle length, panicle weight, 100-grain weight and shelling rate of F₂ population were carried out by the method of principal-polygenic analysis, and the optimum genetic model was obtained.Results showed that panicle length accorded with Model A₀ and was a quantitative genetic trait controlled by micro-effective polygenes.Panicle weight, 100-grain weight and shelling rate all accorded with Model B₁,and were controlled by two pairs of major genes.It belonged to additive-dominant-epistatic mixed genetic model.The heritability of the main gene was 66.81%,40.37% and 89.11%,respectively, which indicated that the heritability of ear weight and shell percentage was higher, which was less affected by environmental factors and stable heredity; the heritability of 100-grain weight was lower, which indicated that the trait was susceptible to environmental impact and needed to be bred in higher generations.Through the measurement and data analysis of yield traits and the estimation of heritability of main genes of each trait, it could provide references for sorghum breeding in the future.更多还原