【摘要】 手足口病(Hand-Foot-Mouth disease, HFMD)是由多种肠道病毒引起的急性肠道传染病,好发于学龄前尤其是3岁以下儿童,其主要传播途径为消化道、呼吸道以及密切接触。肠道病毒71型(Enterovirus 71,EV71)是HFMD的主要致病微生物之一,其感染可导致严重的神经系统并发症,危重病例预后差,病死率和致残率高,且目前临床仍缺乏有效的抗病毒药物。我国传统中药抗病毒使用历史悠久,涉及全面,探索传统中药抗病毒机制对我国中药的发展和HFMD的治疗十分重要。本文从直接灭活EV71(鱼腥草水提液、中药海藻提取物)、影响EV71的复制周期(吸附、穿入、脱壳和生物合成)(清热解毒化浊片、疏清颗粒等)、调节机体免疫系统和细胞因子(大黄素、喹吖啶等)及临床有效的中药(馥感啉口服液、黄芩等)四个方面展开叙述,介绍了目前中药制剂在发挥抗EV71作用时的具体机制,以期为HFMD的治疗提供更多理论依据以及为中药行业的发展奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) is an acute intestinal infectious disease caused by a variety of enteroviruses.It usually occurs in preschoolers, especially children under 3 years old.The main routes of transmission are digestive tract, respiratory tract and close contact.Enterovirus 71(EV71) is one of the main pathogenic microorganisms of HFMD.Infection of EV71 can lead to serious nervous system complications, with poor prognosis in critically ill cases and high fatality and disability rates.Currently, there is still a lack of effective antiviral drugs in clinic.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of antiviral use in China and involves a comprehensive approach, and it is important to explore the antiviral mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine for the development of Chinese medicine and the treatment of HFMD.In this paper, we describe four aspects: direct inactivation of EV71(Fritillaria aqueous extract, Chinese seaweed extract),influence of EV71 replication cycle(adsorption, penetration, uncoating and biosynthesis)(Clearing heat and detoxifying turbid tablets, hydrophobic particles),regulationthe body’s immune system and cytokines(emodin, quetiapine acridine, etc.) and clinical effective traditional Chinese medicine(relapsed feeling Lin oral liquid, radix scutellariae, etc.).The specific mechanism of the current Chinese medicinal preparation in exerting its anti-EV71 effect is described, so as to provide more theoretical basis for the treatment of HFMD and lay a foundation for the development of traditional Chinese medicine industry.更多还原