【摘要】 采用硫酸（H₂SO₄）和氟硅酸（H₂SiF₆）的混酸浸出剂强化锂云母中锂的浸出。氟硅酸（H₂SiF₆）作为氢氟酸的副产物,可以提供反应所需的氟化氢（HF）分子。而氟化氢是氟硅酸实际参与反应的主要成分,对锂的强化溶出具有关键作用。探究矿石/硫酸/氟硅酸质量比、硫酸和氟硅酸浓度、浸出温度（40～80℃）、浸出时间（15～75 min）等因素对锂浸出的影响。采用连续管式反应器进一步强化酸浸体系。确定酸浸最优条件为:矿石/H₂SO₄/H₂Si F₆质量比1:0.8:1.6、H₂SO₄浓度80%（质量分数）、H₂Si F₆浓度15%（质量分数）,97.9%的锂、96.4%的钾、97.6%的铷、96.7%的铯和81.4%的铝（质量分数）在80℃下仅需反应15 min即可得到有效浸出。此外,提出两步热处理工艺对反应浆料进行脱氟。研究结果表明,采用管式反应器加含氟混酸浸出剂（H₂SO₄+H₂Si F₆）可实现锂云母的高效提锂。更多还原

【Abstract】 An acidic mixture of sulfuric and fluosilicic acid（H₂ SO₄+H₂ SiF₆） was employed as lixiviant to enhance leaching of lithium from lepidolite. The H₂ Si F₆ was obtained as a byproduct of anhydrous hydrofluoric acid production, aiming to provide HF molecules. It was found that the HF molecules were the main reaction component and played a key role in strengthening the dissolution of lepidolite. Different factors, including mass ratio of ore/H₂ SO₄/H₂ Si F₆, concentrations of H₂ SO₄ and H₂ Si F₆, leaching temperatures（40-80 ℃） and time（15-75 min）, were investigated. Moreover, an efficient tubular reactor was employed to improve this acid leaching system. Under the optimal conditions（ore/H₂ SO₄/H₂ Si F₆ mass ratio of 1:0.8:1.6, 80 wt.% H₂ SO₄, 15 wt.% H₂ Si F₆, 80 ℃, 15 min）, 97.9% of Li, 96.4% of K, 97.6% of Rb, 96.7% of Cs and 81.4% of Al（mass fraction） were leached. Additionally, a two-step thermal process was proposed to remove fluorine of leaching slurry. This acid treatment using an acidic mixture of H₂ SO₄ and H₂ Si F₆ in a continuous tubular reactor shows potential as an alternative process to extract lithium from lepidolite.更多还原